The invention relates to polyesters of the following general formula, wherein the residues R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5a (as a special case of residue R.sup.5), R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are free of carboxy, hydroxy, thiol, imino, and primary and secondary amino groups, the residues R.sup.5b (as a special case of R.sup.5) and R.sup.9 contain hydroxyl groups, 10 to 100 mol % of which can be present in salt form analogously to polymers or otherwise capped, u=0 or 1, v=1 to 60 and w=1 to 20. The invention further relates to wetting agents and dispersants that contain the aforementioned polyesters or consist thereof and to a method for producing said wetting agents and dispersants, to the use of the polyesters and reaction products of the method according to the invention as wetting agents and dispersants, and to compositions containing the polyesters, wetting agents and/or dispersants or reaction products of the method according to the invention and particulate solids.

##STR00001##

The present invention discloses a Y-type discrete polyethylene glycol derivative, which has the advantages of determined molecular weights and the number of chain segments, and can avoid the defect of heterogeneity of a PEG derivative. In addition, the Y-type discrete polyethylene glycol derivative of the present invention may increase the water solubility of the discrete polyethylene glycol, and solve the problem of insufficient water solubility of the discrete polyethylene glycol-modified insoluble drug caused by an increase of the loading capacity.

Unsaturated polyether monols are removed from polyether polyols by reaction with a functionalized thiol compound or a polythiol compound. This process replaces the terminal unsaturation with a functional group, or else couples two or more of the monols to form a polyol. The functionality of the polyether polyol product is increased by the removal of the monols.

A formulation includes a carrier agent formed by conjugating at least one biologically active hydrophobic compound with at least one hydrophilic compound, the at least one biologically active hydrophobic compound selected from the group of farnesylthiosalicylic acid and a derivative of farnesylthiosalicylic acid which is biologically active as an RAS antagonist, wherein a plurality of the carrier agents are adapted to assemble into a structure and the at least one biologically active hydrophobic compound is conjugated with the at least one hydrophilic compound via a linkage which is labile in vivo, and a biologically active compound associated with the carrier agent.

Block copolymers containing charged blocks or chemical moieties sensitive to oxidation or hydrolysis have been developed. We describe the use of such block copolymers in supramolecular structures, e.g., micelles or vesicles, and pharmaceutical compositions and in methods of preparing the supramolecular structures and pharmaceutical compositions. The invention is particularly useful for the delivery of pharmaceutical agents, e.g., nucleic acids, to cells.

Synthetic amino acid-modified polymers and methods of making the same and using the same are disclosed. The synthetic amino acid-modified polymers possess distinct thermosensitive, improved water-erosion resistant, and enhanced mechanical properties, and are suitable of reducing or preventing formation of postoperative tissue adhesions. Additionally, the amino acid-modified polymers can also be used as a vector to deliver pharmaceutically active agents.

Provided is a polyalkoxy fatty compound having the structure (I) ##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is a fatty group; R.sup.2 is H or a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group; n is 0 to 5; X.sup.1 is S, or NH; X.sup.2 is O, S, or NH; and R.sup.3 is a polymeric group comprising polymerized units of structure (II) and structure (III) ##STR00002##

A PEG linker as represented by formula (I), wherein n and m are respectively an integer from 1 to 7, providing the PEG linker with 1 to 49 linking sites. A ligand drug conjugate as represented by formula (II). The conjugate uses the PEG linker to increase a drug loading capacity and drug loading diversity, thereby improving pharmaceutical efficacy.

Y1-PEG1-{R.sup.1-PEG2-{Y4}.sub.n}.sub.m(I)

TM-{R.sup.2-PEG1-{R.sup.1-PEG2-{R.sup.3-A-drug}.sub.n}.sub.m}.sub.l(II)

The present disclosure relates to a novel material and composition to perform purification and concentration of biological sample or nucleic acid in single step. The present disclosure also relates to a method to use of the same in two phase system to purify and concentrate the target biological materials and/or nucleic acids with an improved detection accuracy for diagnostics performance.

The invention concerns ionic compounds in which the anionic load has been delocalized. A compound disclosed by the invention is comprised of an amide or one of its salts, including an anionic portion combined with at least one cationic portion M.sup.+m in sufficient numbers to ensure overall electronic neutrality; the compound is further comprised of M as a hydroxonium, a nitrosonium NO.sup.+, an ammonium NH.sub.4.sup.+, a metallic cation with the valence m, an organic cation with the valence m, or an organometallic cation with the valence m. The anionic portion matches the formula R.sub.FSO.sub.xN.sup.?Z, where R.sub.F is a perflourinated group, x is 1 or 3, and Z is an electroattractive substituent. The compounds can be used notably for ionic conducting materials, electronic conducting materials, colorants and the catalysis of various chemical reactions.