Provided is a binder composition that is capable of forming an electrode that can suppress an increase of internal resistance after cycling of an electrochemical device. The binder composition contains a polymer X, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and a nitrogen compound other than N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The polymer X includes a nitrile group-containing monomer unit and includes either or both of an aliphatic conjugated diene monomer unit and an alkylene structural unit. The nitrogen compound has a molecular weight of 1,000 or less. An HSP distance (R.sub.A) between the nitrogen compound and the polymer X is 10.0 MPa.sup.1/2 or less.

A method of forming a polymer comprising repeat units of formula (II) or a salt thereof by forming a precursor polymer of formula (I) and converting the precursor polymer to the polymer comprising repeat units of formula (II): (Formulae (II), (III)) wherein BG is a backbone group; Sp.sup.1 and Sp.sup.2 are each a spacer group; x is 0 or 1; y is at least 1; X is O or NR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 is H or a substituent; P is selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, CR.sup.1.sub.3, COR.sup.1, COOR.sup.1 or, if XO, SiR.sup.1.sub.3; wherein R.sup.1 in each occurrence is a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.3 in each occurrence is a substituent; and z is 0 or a positive integer. The polymer of formula (II) may form a layer of an organic electronic device and the layer may be formed by deposition of the polymer dissolved in a polar solvent.

A method of forming a polymer comprising repeat units of formula (II) or a salt thereof by forming a precursor polymer of formula (I) and converting the precursor polymer to the polymer comprising repeat units of formula (II): (Formulae (II), (III)) wherein BG is a backbone group; Sp.sup.1 and Sp.sup.2 are each a spacer group; x is 0 or 1; y is at least 1; X is O or NR.sup.2 wherein R.sup.2 is H or a substituent; P is selected from the group consisting of unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, CR.sup.1.sub.3, COR.sup.1, COOR.sup.1 or, if XO, SiR.sup.1.sub.3; wherein R.sup.1 in each occurrence is a C.sub.1-20 hydrocarbyl group; R.sup.3 in each occurrence is a substituent; and z is 0 or a positive integer. The polymer of formula (II) may form a layer of an organic electronic device and the layer may be formed by deposition of the polymer dissolved in a polar solvent.

Provided are a curable coloring composition which is suitable for the production of a cured film in cyan color, having good moisture resistance, a color filter, an image sensor, and a method for producing a cured film. The curable coloring composition includes a coloring agent including a phthalocyanine pigment having Al as a central metal, a basic pigment derivative, and a curable compound, in which the coloring agent includes 80% by mass or more of the phthalocyanine pigments, and the content of the phthalocyanine pigment having Al as a central metal among the phthalocyanine pigments is 30% by mass or more.

Provided is a near-infrared-absorbing dye increasing a visible light transmittance and having a near-infrared blocking characteristic. The near-infrared-absorbing dye has an absorption characteristic measured by dissolving the dye in dichloromethane satisfying the following requirements. In an absorption spectrum at a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm, there is a maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max in a wavelength region of 670 nm or more. The following relational expression is established between a maximum absorption constant .sub.A with respect to light with a wavelength of 430 to 550 nm and a maximum absorption constant .sub.B with respect to light with a wavelength of 670 nm or more, where .sub.B/.sub.A65. In a spectral transmittance curve, an average transmittance of light with a wavelength of 430 to 460 nm is 94.0% or more when a transmittance at the maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max is set to 1%.

Provided is a near-infrared-absorbing dye increasing a visible light transmittance and having a near-infrared blocking characteristic. The near-infrared-absorbing dye has an absorption characteristic measured by dissolving the dye in dichloromethane satisfying the following requirements. In an absorption spectrum at a wavelength of 400 to 800 nm, there is a maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max in a wavelength region of 670 nm or more. The following relational expression is established between a maximum absorption constant .sub.A with respect to light with a wavelength of 430 to 550 nm and a maximum absorption constant .sub.B with respect to light with a wavelength of 670 nm or more, where .sub.B/.sub.A65. In a spectral transmittance curve, an average transmittance of light with a wavelength of 430 to 460 nm is 94.0% or more when a transmittance at the maximum absorption wavelength .sub.max is set to 1%.

The invention provides a fluoroelastomer composition excellent in heat resistance. The fluoroelastomer composition of the present invention contains a fluoroelastomer and a specific compound.

The invention provides a fluoroelastomer composition excellent in heat resistance. The fluoroelastomer composition of the present invention contains a fluoroelastomer and a specific compound.

The invention provides a fluoroelastomer composition excellent in heat resistance. The fluoroelastomer composition of the present invention contains a fluoroelastomer and a specific compound.

A rubber composition is based on at least one diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler and a 1,3-dipolar compound bearing an imidazole functional group. Such a composition exhibits an improved compromise in certain properties such as stiffness in the cured state and hysteresis.