Provided is a resin composition containing: a thermoplastic resin having a polar group; and a heterocyclic compound containing two or more heteroatoms, wherein the resin composition exhibits a different behavior in elastic strength with a glass transition temperature as a boundary.

Provided is a resin composition containing: a thermoplastic resin having a polar group; and a heterocyclic compound containing two or more heteroatoms, wherein the resin composition exhibits a different behavior in elastic strength with a glass transition temperature as a boundary.

Provided is a resin composition containing: a thermoplastic resin having a polar group; and a heterocyclic compound containing two or more heteroatoms, wherein the resin composition exhibits a different behavior in elastic strength with a glass transition temperature as a boundary.

Disclosed are a water-expandable rubber composition and a water-expandable rubber pad including the same. The water-expandable rubber pad manufactured using the water-expandable rubber composition is rigid enough to be directly inserted into a cylinder jacket even without a metal plate, etc. Moreover, the water-expandable rubber pad may increase in volume upon contact with engine coolant, thereby being optimized for an assembly process and facilitating design. Thus, since no separate assembly parts are used compared to conventional cases, the number of parts can be reduced, and costs can be reduced, and adhesiveness of the rubber pad is superior to that of conventional foam rubber and thus heat retention performance is excellent, resulting in improved engine fuel efficiency.

Disclosed are a water-expandable rubber composition and a water-expandable rubber pad including the same. The water-expandable rubber pad manufactured using the water-expandable rubber composition is rigid enough to be directly inserted into a cylinder jacket even without a metal plate, etc. Moreover, the water-expandable rubber pad may increase in volume upon contact with engine coolant, thereby being optimized for an assembly process and facilitating design. Thus, since no separate assembly parts are used compared to conventional cases, the number of parts can be reduced, and costs can be reduced, and adhesiveness of the rubber pad is superior to that of conventional foam rubber and thus heat retention performance is excellent, resulting in improved engine fuel efficiency.

A system for applying a coating composition to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator is provided herein. The system includes a high transfer efficiency applicator defining a nozzle orifice. The coating composition comprises a carrier and a binder. The coating composition has a viscosity of from about 0.002 Pa*s to about 0.2 Pa*s, a density of from about 838 kg/m3 to about 1557 kg/m3, a surface tension of from about 0.015 N/m to about 0.05 N/m, and a relaxation time of from about 0.0005 s to about 0.02 s. The high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the coating composition through the nozzle orifice to the substrate to form a coating layer. At least 80% of the droplets of the coating composition expelled from the high transfer efficiency applicator contact the substrate.

A system for applying a first, a second, and a third coating composition. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice. The system further includes a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a third high transfer efficiency applicator defining a third nozzle orifice. The system further includes a substrate defining a target area. The first, the second, and the third high transfer efficiency applicators are configured to expel the first coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the target area of the substrate, through the second nozzle orifice to the target area of the substrate, and through the third nozzle orifice to the target area of the substrate.

A system for applying a first and a second coating composition is provided herein. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice and a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a first reservoir a second reservoir. The system further includes a substrate defining a first target area and a second target area. The first high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to receive the first coating composition from the first reservoir and configured to expel the first coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the first target area of the substrate. The second high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to receive the second coating composition from the second reservoir and configured to expel the second coating composition through the second nozzle orifice to the second target area of the substrate.

A material for use as support material for energy-pulse-induced transfer printing, which contains (a) at least one energy transformation component, (b) at least one volume expansion component and (c) at least one binder and which has a viscosity at 25° C. of from 0.2 Pas to 1000 Pas and a surface tension at 25° C. of from 20 to 150 mN/m. The invention furthermore relates to a process for producing three-dimensional objects using the support material.

A material for use as support material for energy-pulse-induced transfer printing, which contains (a) at least one energy transformation component, (b) at least one volume expansion component and (c) at least one binder and which has a viscosity at 25° C. of from 0.2 Pas to 1000 Pas and a surface tension at 25° C. of from 20 to 150 mN/m. The invention furthermore relates to a process for producing three-dimensional objects using the support material.