The present invention relates to novel light-emitting materials. These materials comprise a non-aromatic spiro polycyclic group. This new side chain could reduce the stacking of the light-emitting materials and result in high PLQY.

Tetradentate ligands with rigid backbone for use as phosphorescent emitters, and devices, such as organic light emitting diodes are disclosed.

The present invention is to provide an iridium complex compound, which is soluble in an organic solvent, which can be stored for long periods without reprecipitation thereof and which secures a low driving voltage and a high luminescent efficiency of an organic electroluminescent element produced using the compound, to provide an organic electroluminescent element containing the compound and to provide a display and a lighting using the organic electroluminescent element. The present invention relates to the iridium complex compound having a specific chemical structure. Further, the invention also relates to the organic electroluminescent element produced using the compound, which requires a low operating voltage and has a long operating lifetime.

The present invention provides a novel compound capable of improving light emitting efficiency, stability, and lifespan of the element, an organic electric element using the same, and an electronic device for the same.

Novel ligands for metal complex compounds that are useful as a phosphorescent emitter in organic light emitting devices that incorporate fluorinated side chains in the ligands are disclosed. Such metal complex has at least one substituent R selected from the group consisting of partially fluorinated alkyl, partially fluorinated cycloalkyl, and combinations thereof, wherein R is directly bonded to an aromatic ring, In the compound, C having an F attached thereto is separated by at least one carbon atom from the aromatic ring.

Organic light emitting devices are described wherein the emissive layer comprises a host material containing an emissive molecule, which molecule is adapted to luminesce when a voltage is applied across the heterostructure, and the emissive molecule is selected from the group of phosphorescent organometallic complexes, including cyclometallated platinum, iridium and osmium complexes. The organic light emitting devices optionally contain an exciton blocking layer. Furthermore, improved electroluminescent efficiency in organic light emitting devices is obtained with an emitter layer comprising organometallic complexes of transition metals of formula L.sub.2MX, wherein L and X are distinct bidentate ligands. Compounds of this formula can be synthesized more facilely than in previous approaches and synthetic options allow insertion of fluorescent molecules into a phosphorescent complex, ligands to fine tune the color of emission, and ligands to trap carriers.

Ligands with fused spirocyclic substitutions and metal complexes formed with such ligands and having improved performance in OLED applications are disclosed.

Tetradentate ligands with rigid backbone for use as phosphorescent emitters, and devices, such as organic light emitting diodes are disclosed.

A compound including a first ligand L.sub.A having the structure of Formula I, ##STR00001##
is disclosed. In Formula I, rings A and B are each a 6-membered rings; Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each carbon or nitrogen; each R.sup.A and R.sup.B is independently hydrogen or a variety of substituents; any two substituents are optionally joined or fused into a ring; at least one R.sup.A or R.sup.B comprises an aromatic group substituted by a bridge structure, and this R.sup.A or R.sup.B joins with an adjacent substituent and fuses to ring A or B; the bridge structure comprises a backbone structure that forms a fused first ring; the backbone structure is saturated, comprises at least one heteroatom, and is optionally further substituted; and the ligand L.sub.A is coordinated to a metal M that can be coordinated to other ligands.

A compound represented by D-A-D is useful as a light emitter for an organic electroluminescent device: ##STR00001##