This invention is related to an additive composition comprising metal-based quantum clusters (QCs) dispersed in a hydrocarbon medium. The additive composition is useful as a fuel additive, as it acts as a combustion improver for liquid and gaseous fuels. The invention describes a process for the synthesis of the additive composition comprising metal-based materials in atomic cluster form in hydrocarbon dispersible medium. The stable liquid dispersion of the QC has been doped into the hydrocarbon fuels at required concentrations. The measurable flame temperature of the fuels, e.g., commercial LPG on burner has been observed to increase by at least 60-80° C. The flame with high heat through put can be used for efficient cooking, heating, annealing and other high thermal applications. The additive composition may also be used to improve the fuel economy of the liquid hydrocarbon fuels.

Diesel fuel compositions are provided that have unexpectedly beneficial cold flow properties. Methods for forming such diesel fuel compositions are also provided. The improved cold flow properties are achieved in part based on dewaxing of a distillate fraction of the composition. The improved cold flow properties are achieved further in part based on inclusion of a cold flow additive and fatty acid alkyl ester in the composition, such as fatty acid methyl ester.

Embodiments of the invention provide a method of inhibiting precipitation of biodiesel fuel components. The method includes providing a biodiesel fuel composition; providing a copolymer comprising at least first and second polymer units, said first polymer units derived from a carboxylic acid anhydride and said second polymer units derived from an olefin; and blending said copolymer with the biodiesel fuel to form a treated fuel composition. Alternatively, instead of the copolymer, a dialkylene glycol additive can be provided. Embodiments of the invention provide a method of reducing the cold soak filter blocking tendency of a biodiesel fuel composition.

In accordance with the present subject matter there is provided a process for producing mono-, di- and triesters of glycerol over a catalyst composition. The catalyst composition including a base catalyst and a support material based on phyllosilicates of montmorillonite structure and the process for preparing the catalyst composition is also described.

A fuel composition comprising a fuel and a lubricity additive package, where the lubricity additive package comprises (1) Dodecanoic acid and (2) 1-Lauroyl-rac-glycerol and the fuel is gasoline.

Aviation fuel formulations receive many benefits when a manganese-containing additive is incorporated in that composition. However, to the extent that the use of a manganese-containing compound may result in the formation of engine deposits during combustion, it is beneficial to further provide a scavenger compound to the fuel composition. This scavenger compound may include a phosphorus-containing compound, an organobromide compounds, and/or a tricarbonyl compound.

A composition of fuel additives includes at least a first additive having a partial ester derivative of polyols and a second additive having a quaternary ammonium salt. The first additive includes at least 50% by mass of a compound A selected from the partial esters of polyols and saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic C.sub.4 to C.sub.36 monocarboxylic aliphatic hydrocarbarbons, the partial esters being able to be used alone or in a mixture. The disclosure also relates to a diesel fuel including such a composition and the use of the fuel for limiting the deposits in a diesel engine. In particular, the disclosure relates to the use of the fuel containing the composition of additives of the present disclosure in direct-injection diesel engines.

A lubricity additive for fuels with sulphur content of not more than 0.05 wt % is described herein. The lubricity additive comprises a polyol ester or a mixture of polyol esters derived from C.sub.8-C.sub.18 saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids. The polyol esters is produced by: i) esterification of a C.sub.8-C.sub.18 saturated or unsaturated fatty acids, or a mixture thereof, with a polyhydric alcohol; ii) transesterification of an oil or a mixture of oils, with fatty acid composition comprising C.sub.8-C.sub.18 saturated and/or unsaturated fatty acids, with a polyhydric alcohol. The preferred fatty acids are unsaturated C.sub.18 fatty acids, more particularly, oleic acid whereas the preferred polyhydric alcohol is neopolyol, more particularly, trimethylol propane and its isomers. A fuel composition comprising a major amount of fuel with sulphur content of not more than 0.05 wt % and a minor amount of the lubricity additive is also described herein. The amount of the lubricity additive is not more than 0.1 wt %.

A fuel composition for use in internal-combustion engines has a fuel component, an alcohol component, a water component, a microemulsion blend, and a cetane-enhancer component. The microemulsion blend includes at least one of lower grade fatty acid derivatives being present in an amount effective for the fuel, alcohol, and water components to form a microemulsion blend. The emulsifier is present in an amount effective for the biodiesel fuel, alcohol, water, and emulsifier to form an emulsion.

The present invention relates to the field of fuel additives for fuel compositions and more particularly to a composition that can be used as a friction modifier, and its preparation process. More particularly, the present invention concerns a composition comprising at least one fatty acid amide of diethanolamine (DEA) and at least one fatty acid ester and/or amide of DEA oligomer, and it preparation process.