A method of ammonia synthesis is described that includes contacting a nitrogen gas-containing plasma with an aqueous solution, thereby forming ammonia from the nitrogen gas and water. The nitrogen gas-containing plasma is present in an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes a container including an acidic liquid electrolyte. The electrochemical cell also includes a source of nitrogen gas, a metal electrode at least partially immersed in the electrolyte, a metal tube electrode spaced apart from a surface of the electrolyte by a predetermined spacing. The electrochemical cell is configured to provide a plasma spanning the predetermined space from the metal tube electrode to contact the surface of the electrolyte when power is applied to the metal tube electrode.

A method and a device for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide for preparing a high-concentration formate salt. Carbon dioxide is continuously supplied to a cathode unit and is continuously supplied to a metal hydroxide to the anode unit. A voltage or current is applied to the cathode unit and the anode unit for reducing the carbon dioxide to obtain the formate salt.

An electrocatalyst for producing hydrogen peroxide solution on-demand via a 2-electron electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction in an acid electrolyte is synthesized from oxygen-functionalized nanostructured carbon and noble metal particles.

An electrocatalyst for producing hydrogen peroxide solution on-demand via a 2-electron electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction in an acid electrolyte is synthesized from oxygen-functionalized nanostructured carbon and noble metal particles.

Processes for producing a metal superhydride include obtaining a metal or metal alloy electrode comprising one or more metal atoms, obtaining an electrolyte comprising hydrogen atoms, the electrolyte configured to kinetically suppress a hydrogen evolution reaction in the metal electrode, disposing the metal electrode in the electrolyte, applying pressure to the metal electrode and the electrolyte while the metal electrode is disposed in the electrolyte, and forming, based on applying the pressure, a metal superhydride comprising a plurality of hydrogen atoms of the electrolyte being bonded to each of the one or more metal atoms of the metal electrode. Generally, the metal superhydride is stable at a pressure less than 100 gigapascal (GPa).

Processes for producing a metal superhydride include obtaining a metal or metal alloy electrode comprising one or more metal atoms, obtaining an electrolyte comprising hydrogen atoms, the electrolyte configured to kinetically suppress a hydrogen evolution reaction in the metal electrode, disposing the metal electrode in the electrolyte, applying pressure to the metal electrode and the electrolyte while the metal electrode is disposed in the electrolyte, and forming, based on applying the pressure, a metal superhydride comprising a plurality of hydrogen atoms of the electrolyte being bonded to each of the one or more metal atoms of the metal electrode. Generally, the metal superhydride is stable at a pressure less than 100 gigapascal (GPa).

Apparatuses and methods for producing hydrogen peroxide by performing coupled chemical and electrochemical reactions are disclosed. An electrochemical cell has a chemical reaction chamber configured to hydrogenate a shuttle molecule and an electrochemical chamber configured to electrochemically dissociate water to form hydrogen ions at an anode, and to reduce the hydrogen ions to atomic hydrogen at a cathode. The chemical reaction chamber and the anode chamber are separated by a metallic membrane. The metallic membrane acts as a cathode of the cell, a hydrogen-selective layer and a catalyst. The metallic membrane may comprise a layer of palladium or a palladium alloy. A layer of co-catalyst may optionally be electrodeposited on the layer of palladium or palladium alloy. An ion exchange membrane separates the metallic membrane and the anode chamber. The hydrogenated shuttle molecule may be supplied to a reactor for contacting an oxygen-containing gas to yield hydrogen peroxide.

Apparatuses and methods for producing hydrogen peroxide by performing coupled chemical and electrochemical reactions are disclosed. An electrochemical cell has a chemical reaction chamber configured to hydrogenate a shuttle molecule and an electrochemical chamber configured to electrochemically dissociate water to form hydrogen ions at an anode, and to reduce the hydrogen ions to atomic hydrogen at a cathode. The chemical reaction chamber and the anode chamber are separated by a metallic membrane. The metallic membrane acts as a cathode of the cell, a hydrogen-selective layer and a catalyst. The metallic membrane may comprise a layer of palladium or a palladium alloy. A layer of co-catalyst may optionally be electrodeposited on the layer of palladium or palladium alloy. An ion exchange membrane separates the metallic membrane and the anode chamber. The hydrogenated shuttle molecule may be supplied to a reactor for contacting an oxygen-containing gas to yield hydrogen peroxide.

Provided are a carbon dioxide conversion method exhibiting excellent conversion rate and selectivity using a zero-gap reactor including metal nanoclusters, and a system capable of exhibiting excellent conversion performance even in a flue gas having a low concentration of carbon dioxide.

Provided are a carbon dioxide conversion method exhibiting excellent conversion rate and selectivity using a zero-gap reactor including metal nanoclusters, and a system capable of exhibiting excellent conversion performance even in a flue gas having a low concentration of carbon dioxide.