The toner is characterized in that, wherein the binder resin is a resin satisfying at least one of the following specification (A) or (B): (A) the binder resin contains a crystalline resin having a unit (a) represented by the following formula (1) and a resin having a sulfide structure; and (B) the binder resin contains a crystalline resin having the sulfide structure and having the unit (a) represented by the following formula (1):

##STR00001##

wherein the colorant is any colorant selected from the specific group consisting of: carbon black and so on, wherein when the toner is subjected to measurement with a differential scanning calorimeter, a peak temperature of a maximum endothermic peak is present in a range of from 50° C. or more to 70° C. or less, and wherein the maximum endothermic peak has an endothermic quantity of 30 J/g or more and 70 J/g or less.

Polymeric systems useful for maintaining particle dispersions for extended periods of time.

Polymeric systems useful for maintaining particle dispersions for extended periods of time.

A photocurable composition is provided. A cured product formed by curing the photocurable composition has reworkability and excellent heat resistance while having flexibility. The photocurable composition includes a telechelic acrylic polymer having an acryloyl group at both ends; a polyfunctional acrylic polymer having acryloyl groups; a monofunctional acrylic monomer; and a fumed silica including at least one of a hydrophilic fumed silica or a fumed silica having a polar group. The photocurable composition has a Martens hardness of 0.07 to 0.75 N/mm.sup.2, where the Martens hardness is a hardness after the photocurable composition is cured.

A photocurable composition is provided. A cured product formed by curing the photocurable composition has reworkability and excellent heat resistance while having flexibility. The photocurable composition includes a telechelic acrylic polymer having an acryloyl group at both ends; a polyfunctional acrylic polymer having acryloyl groups; a monofunctional acrylic monomer; and a fumed silica including at least one of a hydrophilic fumed silica or a fumed silica having a polar group. The photocurable composition has a Martens hardness of 0.07 to 0.75 N/mm.sup.2, where the Martens hardness is a hardness after the photocurable composition is cured.

Provided is a method making it possible to ensure a gradual release of polymer chains within a liquid medium, the method comprising bringing the liquid medium into contact with specific solid objects formed by polymer chains soluble in the medium and carrying hydrophobic side groups ensuring physical crosslinking between the polymer chains within the solid objects. The released chains may in particular be used as inhibitors of the formation of inorganic or organic deposits (scale inhibitors) within a liquid medium, typically in the field of oil extraction.

A radiation-sensitive resin composition includes a polymer including a phenolic hydroxyl group, a compound represented by formula (1-1) or formula (1-2), and a compound represented by formula (2). In the formula (1-1), a sum of a, b, and c is no less than 1; at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 represents a fluorine atom or the like; and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or the like. In the formula (1-2), in a case in which d is 1, R.sup.6 represents a fluorine atom or the like, and in a case in which d is no less than 2, at least one of the plurality of R.sup.6s represents a fluorine atom or the like; and R.sup.8 represents a single bond or a divalent organic group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. ##STR00001##

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein the binder resin comprises a resin A and a resin B, in a differential scanning calorimetric measurement, a peak top temperature of the largest endothermic peak is present within a specific temperature range and an endothermic amount of an endothermic peak derived from the resin A is 30 to 70 J/g per 1 g of the toner, a ratio of content of the resin A in the toner particle is 60.0 to 90.0 mass %, the resin A comprises 40.0 to 70.0 mass % of a monomer unit (a) represented by formula (1) below, and the resin B comprises 5.0 to 30.0 mass % of a monomer unit (b) represented by formula (2) below:

##STR00001## in formulae (1) and (2), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n and m denote a specific integer.

A toner comprising a toner particle comprising a binder resin, wherein the binder resin comprises a resin A and a resin B, in a differential scanning calorimetric measurement, a peak top temperature of the largest endothermic peak is present within a specific temperature range and an endothermic amount of an endothermic peak derived from the resin A is 30 to 70 J/g per 1 g of the toner, a ratio of content of the resin A in the toner particle is 60.0 to 90.0 mass %, the resin A comprises 40.0 to 70.0 mass % of a monomer unit (a) represented by formula (1) below, and the resin B comprises 5.0 to 30.0 mass % of a monomer unit (b) represented by formula (2) below:

##STR00001## in formulae (1) and (2), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 denote a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, n and m denote a specific integer.

A curable composition includes a polymer (A) including a structural unit represented by the following general formula (I), and a polythiol compound (B) having at least two thiol groups in one molecule:

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and n is an arbitrary integer equal to or greater than 0, and wherein at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is one of the above groups having one or more carbon atoms and/or n is an integer equal to or greater than 1. The curable composition is excellent in curability and provides a flexible cured product.