An intelligent genetic breeding and seed production system for crop cross breeding and hybrid seed production are disclosed. The system comprises a GAT system carrier. The carrier comprises five functional element expression cassettes: a plant male fertility restoration genetic element expression cassette, used for restoring the male fertility of a recessive genic male sterile mutant; a plant pollen abortion genetic element expression cassette, used for clearing GAT-containing pollen and maintaining a heterozygous state or a hemizygous state of a GAT maintainer line; a chemical herbicide positive selection expression cassette, used for gene transformation and impurity removal and purification for the GAT maintainer line; a chemical herbicide negative selection expression cassette, used for clearing pollen and seed escape of a herbicide-sensitive GAT maintainer line and impurity removal and purification for a GAT sterile line; and a seed screening element expression cassette, used for mechanical sorting of seeds.

Compositions and methods are provided for the use of pollen-inhibitor genes and/or color marker genes in accelerated trait introgression. Compositions and methods are also provided for introducing a pollen-inhibitor gene and/or a color marker gene in close proximity to a trait locus of interest. Breeding methods and methods for selecting plants comprising a trait locus of interest in close proximity to at least one pollen-inhibitor gene and/ or color marker gene are also disclosed. The methods and compositions employ at least one pollen-inhibitor gene and /or color marker gene to provide an effective system for accelerated trait introgression in the genome of a plant.

A new system for identification and treatment against cancer, specifically the mutation or deletion of an antioncogene. An ideal candidate is a patient with family history for hereditary mutations in a known antioncogene. The first method of this system identifies the mutation of a patient's at-risk antioncogene by causing a natural fluorescence only when the specific at-risk antioncogene has mutated or deleted. The second method of this system utilizes a virus to attack and dissolve cancer cells with special markers to avoid the damage to normal cells, thereby achieving the purpose of treating cancer.

The present invention pertains to genetically modified plants, particularly maize, sorghum and rice, with an all pistillate or all staminate phenotype and methods of the same. The survival of functional pistils in maize requires the action of the sk1 gene. SK1 encodes a glycosyltransferase (GT) that protects pistils from tasselseed-mediated cell death. sk1-dependent pistil protection at a developing floret gives rise to stamen arrest at the same floret, and so determines the pistillate floral fate. This is the first single gain-of-function gene known to control sexuality. The present invention further provides a direct strategy to extend hybrid technologies to related cereals such as sorghum and rice. Tasselseed and silkless genes represent major sex determination genes in maize, a pathway that permits the efficient production of hybrid seed and the associated benefits of heterosis-increased yield, resistance to pathogens, etc. Except for maize, current hybrid systems in cereals are fraught with genetic and environmental limitations. Genotype-independent hybrid cereal technology could potentially increase crop yields as much as 20-40% without placing additional land under agricultural production. This has profound implications for food security and the environmental impact of agriculture in some of the poorest regions of the world.

The present disclosure provides homologous recombination reporter nucleic acid construct reagents for increasing the likelihood of detecting successful modification of a specific sequence in chromosomal DNA of a host cell via homologous recombination. The homologous recombination reporter constructs contain a sequence element inserted within the coding sequence for a reporter gene resulting in a mutated reporter gene. The sequence element is removed via homologous recombination based on the presence of two homology regions present in the reporter construct.

The invention provides methods for identifying regenerated transformed plants and differentiated transformed plant parts, obtained without subjecting plant cells to selective conditions prior to regenerating the cells to obtain differentiated tissues. In particular embodiments, the plant cells are corn plant cells. Methods for growing and handling plants, including identifying plants that demonstrate specific traits of interest are also provided.

A DNA construct for expressing a genome editing system in a plant cell is provided. The DNA construct has a cleaving target region flanked by two recombinase recognition sites arranged in the same direction. A gene encoding a site-specific recombinase that specifically recognizes these recombinase recognition sites is arranged outside of the cleaving target region. The cleaving target region contains a marker gene divided into a 5′ region and 3′ region and a gene encoding the genome editing system arranged between the 3′ region and the 5′ region.

The present specification provides for, and includes recombinant polynucleotides that encode plant-native, callus-preferred promoters operably linked to a coding region for a visual marker gene. The present specification also provides for, and includes plants comprising the recombinant nucleotides, methods to select callus comprising the disclosed recombinant nucleotides, and methods to create plants comprising the recombinant nucleotides.

The invention provides methods and compositions for identifying transgenic seed that contain a transgene of interest, but lack a marker gene. Use of an identification sequence that results in a detectable phenotype increases the efficiency of screening for seed and plants in which transgene sequences not linked to a gene of interest have segregated from the sequence encoding a gene of interest.

A method for increasing the efficiency of homologous recombination-based gene editing in a plant according to an embodiment of the present invention includes optimizing temperature and photoperiod conditions during tissue culture of plant cells, expressing factors required for homology-directed DNA repair (HDR) and factors for increasing the HDR efficiency by using a multiple replicon, or regulating the HDR pathway or non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway.