Disclosed is a method of forming a conductive diamond layer on a surface of a carbon fibre substrate that is used as a component of an electrode for neural stimulation and/or electrochemical sensing. The method comprises functionalising at least a portion of the surface with a functionalising agent to facilitate coating the surface with the conductive diamond layer. The method also comprises providing a diamond precursor and depositing the diamond precursor over the functionalising agent to form the conductive diamond layer. The disclosure also relates to an electrode that is used as a component of an electrode for neural stimulation and/or electrochemical sensing.

The present invention relates to a method for enhancing tensile strength of a carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber aggregate, comprising dispersing a CNT fiber aggregate with chlorosulfonic acid (CSA), followed by thermal treatment, wherein a particular magnitude of tension is applied upon the thermal treatment, whereby the CNT fiber aggregate is increased in alignment level and tensile strength.

The surface of a carbon fiber is electrochemically treated by a method to form nitrogen containing groups on the surface of the carbon fiber. The method comprises contacting a carbon fiber surface with an aqueous solution comprised of a non-cyclic aliphatic amine and water soluble inorganic hydroxide with said aqueous solution having a pH of at least 9. A positive electrical bias is then applied to the carbon fibers in the aqueous solution relative to another electrode in contact with the aqueous solution, wherein the positive electrical bias is at a voltage above the oxidation potential of water. The treated carbon fibers are useful for making epoxy reinforced carbon fiber composites.

A method for manufacturing a carbon fiber is provided which involves: (1) immersing a carbon fiber composite material (CFC) in an acidic aqueous solution to elute at least a part of a resin component of the CFC, to thereby obtain a substantially fibrous product; and (2) immersing the substantially fibrous product obtained in step (1) in an alkaline aqueous solution to elute at least a part of a resin component of the substantially fibrous product, to thereby obtain a fibrous product. A method for manufacturing a carbon fiber reinforced resin composition is provided which involves manufacturing a carbon fiber by the above method and manufacturing a carbon fiber reinforced resin composition using the resulting carbon fiber. Using these methods, it is possible to recover and recycle a carbon fiber from a carbon fiber composite material (CFC) at a low cost without deteriorating the carbon fiber.

A filament for three-dimensional modeling includes a first resin; a second resin; a fiber; and a compatibilizing agent, wherein a fiber coated with the second resin is dispersed in a matrix formed of the first resin, the compatibilizing agent is interposed between the first resin and the second resin, a thickness of a coating layer formed of the second resin is 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and a content rate of the second resin with respect to a total weight of the first resin, the second resin, and the compatibilizing agent is 30% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less.

A filament for three-dimensional modeling includes a first resin; a second resin; a fiber; and a compatibilizing agent, wherein a fiber coated with the second resin is dispersed in a matrix formed of the first resin, the compatibilizing agent is interposed between the first resin and the second resin, a thickness of a coating layer formed of the second resin is 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and a content rate of the second resin with respect to a total weight of the first resin, the second resin, and the compatibilizing agent is 30% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less.

A method of manufacturing a graphene fiber is provided. The method includes preparing a source solution including graphene oxide, supplying the source solution into a base solution containing a foreign element to form a graphene oxide fiber, separating the graphene fiber from the base solution and cleaning and drying to obtain the graphene oxide fiber containing the foreign element, and performing thermal treatment to the dried graphene oxide fiber containing the foreign element to form a graphene fiber doped with the foreign element. Elongation percentage of the graphene fiber is adjusted by concentration and spinning rate of the source solution.

A filament for three-dimensional modeling includes a first resin; a second resin; a fiber; and a compatibilizing agent, wherein a fiber coated with the second resin is dispersed in a matrix formed of the first resin, the compatibilizing agent is interposed between the first resin and the second resin, a thickness of a coating layer formed of the second resin is 0.1 μm or more and 5 μm or less, and a content rate of the second resin with respect to a total weight of the first resin, the second resin, and the compatibilizing agent is 30% by weight or more and 50% by weight or less, or 5% by weight or more and 15% by weight or less.

Cell scaffolds are provided comprising an electrospun fiber and one or more live cells that are incorporated directly into the electropsun fiber during an electrospinning process. The cell scaffold further include a protectant polymer that reduce damage to the cells during the electrospinning process and in which the live cells are embedded following electrospinning. Methods of making a cell scaffold including one or more live cells are further provided and comprise mixing one or more live cells with a protectant polymer and a biocompatible solvent to form a solution, and electrospinning the solution at a working voltage of about 8 kV to about 35 kV. Such methods can make use of a stem cell and a working voltage sufficient to differentiate the stem cell, including differentiation into a chondrocyte.

Cell scaffolds are provided comprising an electrospun fiber and one or more live cells that are incorporated directly into the electropsun fiber during an electrospinning process. The cell scaffold further include a protectant polymer that reduce damage to the cells during the electrospinning process and in which the live cells are embedded following electrospinning. Methods of making a cell scaffold including one or more live cells are further provided and comprise mixing one or more live cells with a protectant polymer and a biocompatible solvent to form a solution, and electrospinning the solution at a working voltage of about 8 kV to about 35 kV. Such methods can make use of a stem cell and a working voltage sufficient to differentiate the stem cell, including differentiation into a chondrocyte.