The method includes a tension element, for example in the form of flat steel, that is placed on the structure or structural part and can be guided around a corner. The flat steel can also wrap as a band around the structure, in which the two ends of the flat steel are either connected to one another or are separately connected to the structure by the end anchors or intersect to produce a clamping connection. The flat steel contracts as a result of a subsequent active and controlled input of heat using a heating element and generates a permanent tensile stress and, correspondingly, a permanent prestress on the structure. The structure, as equipped, has at least one tension element as a shape memory alloy which extends along the outer side of the structure and is connected by one or more end anchors

Constructive system comprising at least four modular elongated prefabricated floor elements, each floor element defining a longitudinal axis parallel to its long side and a transversal axis parallel to its short side, and being arranged coplanar in a 2×2 matrix configuration such that each floor element is adjacent to another element by one of its long sides and adjacent to another of the elements by one of its short sides, the ends of the short sides of the floor elements resting on linear supporting elements, the floor elements comprising in the vertical face of each of the long sides a longitudinal groove having the direction of the longitudinal axis such that a cavity is formed between each pair of adjacent floor elements, the cavities being filled with a grouting, the system including at least one duct extending continuously along the two cavities and a post-tensioned tendon within the duct.

Constructive system comprising at least four modular elongated prefabricated floor elements, each floor element defining a longitudinal axis parallel to its long side and a transversal axis parallel to its short side, and being arranged coplanar in a 2×2 matrix configuration such that each floor element is adjacent to another element by one of its long sides and adjacent to another of the elements by one of its short sides, the ends of the short sides of the floor elements resting on linear supporting elements, the floor elements comprising in the vertical face of each of the long sides a longitudinal groove having the direction of the longitudinal axis such that a cavity is formed between each pair of adjacent floor elements, the cavities being filled with a grouting, the system including at least one duct extending continuously along the two cavities and a post-tensioned tendon within the duct.

A process of fabricating a static structure including an interior volume that includes the steps of mixing coal combustible residual (CCR) with structural reinforcing materials to form a construction material and utilizing the construction material to fabricate exterior enclosure-forming components of the static structure. The enclosure-forming components are sufficiently reinforced, enhanced and/or thick to provide protection against exterior forces directed against the structure.

A process of fabricating a static structure including an interior volume that includes the steps of mixing coal combustible residual (CCR) with structural reinforcing materials to form a construction material and utilizing the construction material to fabricate exterior enclosure-forming components of the static structure. The enclosure-forming components are sufficiently reinforced, enhanced and/or thick to provide protection against exterior forces directed against the structure.

A pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar includes a concrete body, a steel cage including a plurality of pre-stressed rebars, a plurality of stirrups; and two plates, the rebars are steel strands, a plurality of conical through holes are provided on the plate, and multiple clips are disposed inside each conical through hole, each clip having a toothed inner surface, the multiple clips are spliced together to form a chock assembly for clamping each steel strand, and a peripheral surface of the chock assembly has a conical surface; a clamping hole is formed in the center of the chock assembly, the steel strand passes through a clamping hole and is clamped tightly. A method for manufacturing a pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar is also included.

A pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar includes a concrete body, a steel cage including a plurality of pre-stressed rebars, a plurality of stirrups; and two plates, the rebars are steel strands, a plurality of conical through holes are provided on the plate, and multiple clips are disposed inside each conical through hole, each clip having a toothed inner surface, the multiple clips are spliced together to form a chock assembly for clamping each steel strand, and a peripheral surface of the chock assembly has a conical surface; a clamping hole is formed in the center of the chock assembly, the steel strand passes through a clamping hole and is clamped tightly. A method for manufacturing a pre-tensioned centrifugal concrete pillar is also included.

A precast segment suitable for block-stacking concept is disclosed. The precast segment includes a first surface, an opposite second surface, plural through holes, and plural male-female connecting sets. The through holes extend from the first surface and toward the second surface to communicate between the first surface and the second surface. Each male-female connecting set includes a shear key and a joint hole, wherein the shear key protrudes from one of the first surface and the second surface to serve as a male connecting unit, and the joint hole is formed in the other of the first surface and the second surface to serve as a female connecting unit. Accordingly, the precast segments can be block-stacked by mortise-and-tenon joints to construct a bridge pier system. Compared to the conventional construction methodology, the present invention can enhance the efficiency of segment fabrication and avoid high prestress force.

A precast segment suitable for block-stacking concept is disclosed. The precast segment includes a first surface, an opposite second surface, plural through holes, and plural male-female connecting sets. The through holes extend from the first surface and toward the second surface to communicate between the first surface and the second surface. Each male-female connecting set includes a shear key and a joint hole, wherein the shear key protrudes from one of the first surface and the second surface to serve as a male connecting unit, and the joint hole is formed in the other of the first surface and the second surface to serve as a female connecting unit. Accordingly, the precast segments can be block-stacked by mortise-and-tenon joints to construct a bridge pier system. Compared to the conventional construction methodology, the present invention can enhance the efficiency of segment fabrication and avoid high prestress force.

The present invention relates to an industrialized construction process of at least part of a structure (1) to be constructed, by applying it, for example, to bridge decks, in which the filling material (8) is poured in situ on empty segments (3) prefabricated ex situ.

The construction process according to the present invention comprises the prefabrication of empty segments (3) including the assembling of steel reinforcement elements (9) and assembling fixing elements (4) whereby these comprise rigid elements (22) and at least part of the moulds (13), which occur at a location (5) ex situ, for example at the factory, construction site or at a place close to the works front line; transport and placement of the empty segments (3) in the final position in the structure (1); the operation of pouring the filling material (8); consolidation or curing of the filling material; prestressing the structure (1), if applicable; removal of the moulds (13) and fixing elements (4); followed by the start of the next cycle, if applicable.

The present invention also relates to a construction system adapted for carrying out a construction process of a structure (1) to be constructed.