The disclosure discloses a high-performance liquefaction mitigation method forstone columns for protecting the existing buildings during earthquakes. Specifically, a small equipment is used to dig trenches in the soil around the existing building. Then, a spiral driller is used to drill a series of boreholes in the trenches according to the optimized borehole design. Next, two or three layers of optimized gravel material with high permeability are filled into the boreholes to work as the inverted layer. Finally, geotextile is arranged around the trench and the trench is filled with the optimized gravel. Compared with current liquefaction mitigation methods for existing buildings, the disclosure is suitable for liquefaction mitigation in large cities, and has the advantages of low disturbance to the overlaid building, simple construction process, high construction efficiency, low construction cost, long service life and the construction material could be easily obtained.

The rapid consolidation and compaction method comprises (i) first driving a hollow pipe, (ii) driving a pipe with a removable end plate after filling and compacting the sandy material in it, through the hollow pipe, to required depth, creating high excess pore-water pressures in the range of 50 to 300 KPa in clayey soils, (iv) pulling out the pipe section leaving behind the removable end plate and thereby installing porous displacement piles which allows dissipation of the excess pore-water pressures horizontally to the porous displacement pile, in which the excess water flows out vertically to the ground surface, and (v) the length of the drainage path is reduced to half the spacing between adjoining porous displacement piles, allowing rapid consolidation resulting in increase in density. Installing the porous displacement piles in the layer of loose to medium dense sand layer results in the instantaneous increase in its density.

The present invention aims to provide an interlocking stabilization system (100) for stabilizing slope, unrestrained earth or the like. Accordingly, the interlocking stabilization system (100) includes: a) a compressed bearing plate (110); b) at least one earth anchor (150) having a plurality of extendable pivotally hinged wings (152) penetrated to a predetermined depth and in communication with the compressed bearing plate (110) through a tendon bar/wire (160); wherein the compressed bearing plate (110) is adapted to be compressed and advanced toward the at least one earth anchor (150) through the tendon bar/wire (160), such that a reflective frustum cone or compact soil reaction (112) is formed thereof; wherein the plurality of extendable pivotally hinged wings (152) of the at least one earth anchor (150) is able to extend outwardly to an angle as the earth anchor (150) is progressively withdrawn under the compression, such that a frustum cone or end bearing force (154) is formed thereof; and wherein action-reaction forces (reflective frustum and end bearing force) defined between the compressed bearing plate (110) and progressively with-drawn of the at least one earth anchor (150) through the tendon bar/wire (160) are able to eliminate or overcome the active and passive zone pressures existed in the slope, unrestrained earth or the like.

The present invention aims to provide an interlocking stabilization system (100) for stabilizing slope, unrestrained earth or the like. Accordingly, the interlocking stabilization system (100) includes: a) a compressed bearing plate (110); b) at least one earth anchor (150) having a plurality of extendable pivotally hinged wings (152) penetrated to a predetermined depth and in communication with the compressed bearing plate (110) through a tendon bar/wire (160); wherein the compressed bearing plate (110) is adapted to be compressed and advanced toward the at least one earth anchor (150) through the tendon bar/wire (160), such that a reflective frustum cone or compact soil reaction (112) is formed thereof; wherein the plurality of extendable pivotally hinged wings (152) of the at least one earth anchor (150) is able to extend outwardly to an angle as the earth anchor (150) is progressively withdrawn under the compression, such that a frustum cone or end bearing force (154) is formed thereof; and wherein action-reaction forces (reflective frustum and end bearing force) defined between the compressed bearing plate (110) and progressively with-drawn of the at least one earth anchor (150) through the tendon bar/wire (160) are able to eliminate or overcome the active and passive zone pressures existed in the slope, unrestrained earth or the like.

Methods and apparatuses for compacting soil and granular materials are disclosed. In some embodiments, the soil compaction apparatuses include an arrangement of diametric expansion elements that, in their expanded state, form a larger compaction surface. In another embodiment, a compaction chamber can be provided with diametric restriction elements and a flow-through passage in the upper portion of the chamber exterior of a drive shaft. The diametric expansion or restriction elements can be fabricated from, for example, individual chains, cables, or wire rope, or a lattice of vertically and horizontally connected chains, cables, or wire rope. Embodiments of the soil compaction apparatus include, but are not limited to, closed-ended driving shafts, open-ended driving shafts, flow-through passages, no flow-through passages, removable rings for holding the diametric expansion/restriction elements, and any combinations thereof.

Methods and apparatuses for compacting soil and granular materials are disclosed. In some embodiments, the soil compaction apparatuses include an arrangement of diametric expansion elements that, in their expanded state, form a larger compaction surface. In another embodiment, a compaction chamber can be provided with diametric restriction elements and a flow-through passage in the upper portion of the chamber exterior of a drive shaft. The diametric expansion or restriction elements can be fabricated from, for example, individual chains, cables, or wire rope, or a lattice of vertically and horizontally connected chains, cables, or wire rope. Embodiments of the soil compaction apparatus include, but are not limited to, closed-ended driving shafts, open-ended driving shafts, flow-through passages, no flow-through passages, removable rings for holding the diametric expansion/restriction elements, and any combinations thereof.

Methods and apparatuses for compacting soil and granular materials. The soil compaction apparatuses include an arrangement of diametric expansion elements that, in their expanded state, form a larger compaction surface. In another embodiment, a compaction chamber can be provided with diametric restriction elements and a flow-through passage in the upper portion of the chamber exterior of a drive shaft. The diametric expansion or restriction elements can be fabricated from, for example, individual chains, cables, or wire rope, or a lattice of vertically and horizontally connected chains, cables, or wire rope. Embodiments of the soil compaction apparatus include, but are not limited to, closed-ended driving shafts, open-ended driving shafts, flow-through passages, no flow-through passages, removable rings for holding the diametric expansion/restriction elements, and any combinations thereof.

Methods and apparatuses for compacting soil and granular materials. The soil compaction apparatuses include an arrangement of diametric expansion elements that, in their expanded state, form a larger compaction surface. In another embodiment, a compaction chamber can be provided with diametric restriction elements and a flow-through passage in the upper portion of the chamber exterior of a drive shaft. The diametric expansion or restriction elements can be fabricated from, for example, individual chains, cables, or wire rope, or a lattice of vertically and horizontally connected chains, cables, or wire rope. Embodiments of the soil compaction apparatus include, but are not limited to, closed-ended driving shafts, open-ended driving shafts, flow-through passages, no flow-through passages, removable rings for holding the diametric expansion/restriction elements, and any combinations thereof.

A vibrator assembly comprising a feed pipe that has a longitudinal axis as well as a first end and a second end. The vibrator assembly may further comprise a vibrator unit that is mechanically coupled to the feed pipe, and a filling assembly which extends into the feed pipe at the first end and is designed to pick up material and direct same into the feed pipe. The feed pipe may have at least two separate channels from the first end to the second end and parallel to the longitudinal axis.

A vibrator assembly comprising a feed pipe that has a longitudinal axis as well as a first end and a second end. The vibrator assembly may further comprise a vibrator unit that is mechanically coupled to the feed pipe, and a filling assembly which extends into the feed pipe at the first end and is designed to pick up material and direct same into the feed pipe. The feed pipe may have at least two separate channels from the first end to the second end and parallel to the longitudinal axis.