A formwork system (10; 60), especially for tunnel construction, includes at least one support arrangement (14) for supporting at least one formwork element (16-26; 72-78). The formwork system further includes at least one concrete pump (36), a plurality of concrete supply units (42) for supply to the formwork element and at least one controller (32). On the formwork element (16-26; 72-78) and/or on the support arrangement (14) at least two pressure sensors (44; 92) are disposed at different vertical positions and are connected to the controller (32) of the formwork system, which pressure sensors (44; 92) are designed to measure the pressure acting upon the formwork elements (16-26; 72-78) at a minimum of two different heights of the formwork element, and that the controller (32) is designed to control the concrete supply units (42) individually, dependent on the signal from the pressure sensors (44; 92).

A tunnel formwork device includes a frame and at least two support structures connectable to the frame of the tunnel formwork device and spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device for supporting the frame on a tunnel floor. The frame carries at least two hydraulic support cylinders at at least two positions spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, which support cylinders can be connected to longitudinal beams running in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal beams carry tunnel formwork elements of the tunnel formwork apparatus. At least one lifting device is arranged on the frame, which lifting device carries at least one working platform. The lifting device has a lifting drive for moving the working platform relative to the frame.

A method of installing a fill fence system at a predetermined location to at least partially cover an opening defined by a back, a floor, and side walls. The method includes providing a carrier system including a carrier assembly, locating the carrier assembly in a safe zone adjacent to the unsafe zone, and positioning an assembled fill fence assembly on the carrier assembly. The carrier assembly and the full fence assembly are moved to a preselected location. With the carrier assembly at the preselected location, the fill fence assembly is positioned at the predetermined location, and installed at least partially to cover the opening. The carrier assembly is disengaged from the fill fence assembly and removed from the preselected location. The fill fence system includes a securing element is applied to help secure the fill fence assembly in the opening.

A retainment wall for underground horizontally extending mine shafts wherein a spaced vertical series of horizontal support ribs are secured to one or more upright supports that are secured in the mine shaft between the side walls thereof. Porous material covers and is secured to the forward retaining face of the wall structure. If the retainment wall structure is to be used as a fill retainment barrier the porous material is spray coated with a settable sealant which covers the forward face of the wall structure and the perimeter thereof to seal off the mine shaft.

A modular tunnel forming apparatus includes at least two modules which are arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork device and are detachably connectable to one another. The at least two modules each have a frame part, and the frame parts of the interconnected modules form a frame of the tunnel formwork device. At least two support structures, which can be connected to the frame of the tunnel formwork device and are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel formwork arrangement, are provided for supporting the frame on a tunnel floor. The frame carries at least two support cylinders at at least two positions spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction, which support cylinders can be connected to longitudinal beams extending in the longitudinal direction, which longitudinal beams carry tunnel formwork elements of the tunnel formwork device.

A work carriage running stepwise along a tunnel to lay a solidifiable fluid material on walls of the tunnel and allow it to solidify for constructing a tunnel lining is provided. The work carriage has a sliding formwork equipped with a closing board for closing, radially to the tunnel, a space between a front edge of the sliding formwork and a wall of the tunnel to be lined to form an interspace for accommodating the solidifiable fluid material against the wall of the tunnel. The sliding formwork has a covering mantle. A releasable constraint provided between the sliding formwork and the covering mantle switches from a first condition, in which the covering mantle is fixed to the sliding formwork, to a second condition, in which the covering mantle slides over the sliding formwork.

A travelling formwork for concrete forming of a tunnel includes a trolley provided with a front pair of legs, a rear pair of legs and a supporting structure attached to the front and rear pair of legs, and a reconfigurable formwork assembly mounted on the supporting structure. The reconfigurable formwork assembly can be configured in a deployed position for concrete casting and in a folded position for its transportation. The length of each leg is variable so that the formwork assembly and the trolley can be lowered when the formwork assembly is in its folded configuration. The travelling formwork can travel through a tunnel having sections of reduced cross-sectional areas, without the need to disassemble the formwork trolley when it has to pass through tunnel sections of reduced cross-sectional area.

A method and structure for forming an elongated concrete arch involving a concrete sled to form a concrete tunnel extending behind the sled as the sled is moved forward. A series of arched forms are placed on the ground within the footprint of the sled, the sled is advanced forward over the arched forms as concrete is poured into a sled through a central passage into a space between the sled and the arched forms. The forms are guided and shaped as they enter the sled. The concrete is smoothed as it extends behind the sled. The arched forms are removed from beneath the concrete arch within 60 minutes of the concrete being poured.

A movable formwork system for lining part of a tunnel includes a guide rail, a fastening component for fastening the guide rail to a surface of the tunnel to be lined, a formwork panel coupled to the guide rail, a rolling component sliding on a surface of the guide rail and attached to the formwork panel, and an anchoring structure having one part attached to the formwork panel and another part projecting from the formwork panel and is configured to be fastened to a surface of the tunnel to be lined. The formwork panel along with the anchoring structure can move together guided by the guide rail when the anchoring structure is not fastened to a surface of the tunnel to be lined. The system is applicable for building mined soft-ground tunnels, for example, where the so-called Belgian tunneling method is recommended.

A processing train configured to run along a tunnel to lay a solidifiable fluid material on a wall of the tunnel and allow the solidifiable fluid material to solidify for construction of a lining of the tunnel, an advancement system for advancing the sliding form, a closing edge for closing a space between a front edge of the sliding form and the wall of the tunnel, and spouts for dispensing the solidifiable fluid material around a front segment of the sliding form. A method for constructing a lining of a tunnel with the solidifiable fluid material involves, defining an interspace between the front segment of the sliding form and the wall of the tunnel, introducing the solidifiable fluid material into the interspace and, after hardening time, advancing the sliding form to form a new interspace and successive lining sections.