An internal combustion engine (1) including a fuel reformation cylinder (2) for reforming a fuel and an output cylinder (3) for yielding an engine power by combusting a fuel or a reformed fuel, wherein at least a part of the surfaces constituting a volume-variable reaction chamber (23) of the fuel reformation cylinder (2) has a highly heat-insulative material (10).

An internal combustion engine (1) including a fuel reformation cylinder (2) for reforming a fuel and an output cylinder (3) for yielding an engine power by combusting a fuel or a reformed fuel, wherein at least a part of the surfaces constituting a volume-variable reaction chamber (23) of the fuel reformation cylinder (2) has a highly heat-insulative material (10).

A system provides a fuel source adapter for a combustion engine. The fuel source adapter is located at least partially between an air intake and the combustion chamber of the engine, such as at the carburetor or throttle body. The combustion chamber receives airflow from the air intake manifold that is delivered through an airflow passage. The fuel source adapter has a spacer plate portion and a velocity stack. The velocity stack extends from the spacer plate to the air intake manifold. An axial airflow passage extends through the velocity stack and the spacer plate. The axial airflow passage is aligned with the airflow passage of the carburetor or throttle body. The spacer plate has a transverse fuel inlet. The transverse fuel inlet extends to the axial airflow passage and enables a fluid connection to the axial airflow passage.

A system provides a fuel source adapter for a combustion engine. The fuel source adapter is located at least partially between an air intake and the combustion chamber of the engine, such as at the carburetor or throttle body. The combustion chamber receives airflow from the air intake manifold that is delivered through an airflow passage. The fuel source adapter has a spacer plate portion and a velocity stack. The velocity stack extends from the spacer plate to the air intake manifold. An axial airflow passage extends through the velocity stack and the spacer plate. The axial airflow passage is aligned with the airflow passage of the carburetor or throttle body. The spacer plate has a transverse fuel inlet. The transverse fuel inlet extends to the axial airflow passage and enables a fluid connection to the axial airflow passage.

A preformed article for a cylinder head, includes: a first portion where a first through hole is to be formed from an upper wall portion to a central portion which is a portion, of a bottom wall portion, forming a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; and a second portion where a second through hole is to be formed to the central portion from an outer wall portion (for example, the upper wall portion) positioned above an intake port which opens to the central portion. The first portion and the second portion are portions where a cooling water passage is not formed.

A preformed article for a cylinder head, includes: a first portion where a first through hole is to be formed from an upper wall portion to a central portion which is a portion, of a bottom wall portion, forming a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine; and a second portion where a second through hole is to be formed to the central portion from an outer wall portion (for example, the upper wall portion) positioned above an intake port which opens to the central portion. The first portion and the second portion are portions where a cooling water passage is not formed.

A spark-ignited (SI) internal combustion (IC) engine designed to operate on high octane fuels, such as gasoline, is reconfigured to operate on low octane fuels including logistically preferred distillate fuels, such as diesel or JP-8. Design modifications involve coupling a fuel reformer module to the internal combustion engine. Auxiliary components include a system control module, a heat exchange module, a bypass valve to facilitate start-up, and/or a throttle body to control a reformate-oxidizer mixture fed to the engine. Small portable generators having 0.3-3.0 kWe power output are disclosed based upon the modified SI-IC engine design.

A spark-ignited (SI) internal combustion (IC) engine designed to operate on high octane fuels, such as gasoline, is reconfigured to operate on low octane fuels including logistically preferred distillate fuels, such as diesel or JP-8. Design modifications involve coupling a fuel reformer module to the internal combustion engine. Auxiliary components include a system control module, a heat exchange module, a bypass valve to facilitate start-up, and/or a throttle body to control a reformate-oxidizer mixture fed to the engine. Small portable generators having 0.3-3.0 kWe power output are disclosed based upon the modified SI-IC engine design.

The disclosure relates to a fuel injection and combustion system in an internal combustion engine, comprising: a main injector comprising at least one main injector outlet configurable to direct a volume of fuel therethrough; a side injector comprising a side injector outlet configurable to direct a volume of fuel therethrough and in a direction towards the main injector; a glow plug positioned between the main injector and the side injector outlet and configurable to provide an increase in temperature so as to ignite a volume of fuel from the side injector outlet and subsequently a volume of fuel from the at least one main injector outlet. The disclosure further relates to a method for injecting and combusting fuel in an internal combustion engine.

A generator system includes (i) an internal combustion engine, (ii) an exhaust gas outlet, connected to the internal combustion engine, for venting exhaust gasses, and (iii) a condenser, connected to the exhaust gas outlet, for condensing water from exhaust gasses.