A fixation support device may be used for breast brachytherapy treatment methods with or without image guidance. The fixation device may also be used for other treatments in which it is desirable to be able to fixate a treatment modality relative to a patient.

A linear particle accelerator (LINAC) radiotherapy system of a subject is provided. The system includes a gantry and an adaptive radiotherapy computing device. The gantry includes a radiation delivery assembly including LINACs and an x-ray imaging assembly, wherein the gantry defines a c-arm. The at least one processor of the adaptive radiotherapy computing device is programmed to receive first images of the subject acquired by an imaging system, and receive second images of the subject acquired by the x-ray imaging assembly, wherein the first images have higher resolutions than the second images. The at least one processor is further programmed to adapt a treatment plan using the second images, wherein the treatment plan was designed based on the first images, and a level of optimization in adapting the treatment plan is adjustable. The at least one processor is also programmed to output the adapted treatment plan.

One or more embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a radiotherapy target device. The radiotherapy target device may include: a target component including a target body and a support supporting the target body; and a housing surrounding the target component. The housing may include a first surface and a second surface allowing radiation beams to pass through.

Systems and methods for shuttle mode radiation delivery are described herein. One method for radiation delivery comprises moving the patient platform through the patient treatment region multiple times during a treatment session. This may be referred to as patient platform or couch shuttling (i.e., couch shuttle mode). Another method for radiation delivery comprises moving the therapeutic radiation source jaw across a range of positions during a treatment session. The jaw may move across the same range of positions multiple times during a treatment session. This may be referred to as jaw shuttling (i.e., jaw shuttle mode). Some methods combine couch shuttle mode and jaw shuttle mode. Methods of dynamic or pipelined normalization are also described.

A system includes a connector with a central lumen. A multi-lumen chamber is removably connected to and in fluid communication with a proximal end of the central lumen. The multi-lumen chamber includes a first lumen aligned and adjacent a second lumen. The first lumen includes a first fluid in a proximal portion of the first lumen and a hydrophilic polymer in a distal portion of the first lumen, a first plunger rod within the first lumen to control flow of the first fluid into the distal portion to mix with the hydrophilic polymer in a first state to form a first mixture, and a first port. The second lumen includes a second fluid, a second plunger rod within the second lumen to distally move the second fluid and the first mixture in a second state, and a second port.

The disclosed method of treating a malignant solid tumor in a subject includes the steps of administering to the subject an immunomodulatory dose of a radioactive phospholipid ether metal chelate, a radiohalogenated phospholipid ether, or other targeted radiotherapy (TRT) agent that is differentially retained within malignant solid tumor tissue, and either (a) performing in situ tumor vaccination in the subject by introducing into at least one of the malignant solid tumors one or more agents capable of stimulating specific immune cells within the tumor microenvironment, or (b) performing immunotherapy in the subject by systemically administering to the subject an immunostimulatory agent, such as an immune checkpoint inhibitor. In a non-limiting example, the radioactive phospholipid ether metal chelate or radiohalogenated phospholipid ether has the formula: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1 comprises a chelating agent that is chelated to a metal atom, wherein the metal atom is an alpha, beta or Auger emitting metal isotope with a half-life of greater than 6 hours and less than 30 days, or wherein R.sub.1 comprises a radioactive halogen isotope. In one such embodiment, a is 1, n is 18, m is 0, b is 1, and R.sub.2 is —N.sup.+(CH.sub.3).sub.3.

A radiotherapy device and a control driving method thereof are provided. The radiotherapy device includes a radiation source apparatus having a plurality of radiation sources, a source carrier and a collimator. The source carrier includes a source box and a source box region conforming to a shape of the source box, the source box is detachably fixed at the source box region, the plurality of radiation sources are mounted in the source box, the source box is provided with a first connecting part, the source carrier is provided with a second connecting part, and the first connecting part is configured to connect the second connecting part.

Presented systems and methods facilitate efficient and effective generation and delivery of radiation. In one embodiment, a radiation generation component includes a high intensity target that produces Bremsstrahlung radiation in response to impacts by charged particles, wherein the high intensity target is configured with operating limitations based primarily on catastrophic failure mechanisms rather than fatigue failure mechanisms. The high intensity target is configured to be compatible with a loading system of a radiation generation system. The high intensity target can have a catastrophic failure strain percentage in the range of 0.5 to 4.0 percent. The catastrophic failure mechanisms can include at least one selected from the group comprising ultimate tensile strength, fracture strain, and melting point. The high intensity target can have a product life in a low cycle fatigue regime range. The high intensity target can comprise a material with a melting temperature in the range of 800 C to 3,700 C. The high intensity target can be configured to load in an accelerator enclosure. The high intensity target can include an identification feature. Th e Bremsstrahlung radiation can correspond to average dose rates greater than 1.0 greys per second (Gy/s).

A method for treating a tumor, comprising identifying a tumor as a squamous cell carcinoma tumor and implanting in the tumor identified as a squamous cell carcinoma tumor, as least one diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy (DaRT) source (21) with a suitable radon release rate and for a given duration, such that the source (21) provides during the given duration a cumulated activity of released radon between 3.7 Mega becquerel (MBq) hour and 8.6 MBq hour, per centimeter length.

Methods and systems for radiation therapy involve administering a payload / combination of biocompatible high-Z and semiconductor NPs to tissue, such as a tumor or an eye. Ionizing radiation may be directed towards the payload, and ionized electrons generate Cerenkov radiation (CR). The CR interacts with semiconductor NPs to produce chemical species that are damaging to cells. The payload may be administered via injection or via a radiotherapy (RT) device that includes NPs in a biodegradable polymer matrix. Biodegradation of the polymer matrix, which results in release of its payload, may be remotely activated using, for example, electromagnetic or sound waves. The payload may include one or more immunologic adjuvants capable of promoting an immunologic response at remote sites (such as a metastatic tumors) that are separate from the site at which the NPs and adjuvants were administered.