A method and process system of comprehensively utilizing high-temperature slag balls exiting a rotary kiln in a kiln process for producing phosphoric acid, comprising a rotary kiln, a cooling device and a dryer for composite green pellets in a kiln process for producing phosphoric acid, wherein the cooling device comprises at least two cooling stages; the high-temperature slag balls are first conveyed to the cooling device, then the cooling device carries slag balls successively to multiple cooling stages by the movement of a trolley, each cooling stage introduces cold air for cooling, a part of the hot air after cooling is sent to the cavity of the rotary kiln, and the other part thereof is sent to the dryer for composite green pellets in the kiln process for producing phosphoric acid for drying.

A method for producing a hardened steel component in which a sheet blank is stamped out and the stamped sheet blank is heated to a temperature Ac.sub.3 and as needed, is kept at this temperature for a predetermined time in order to carry out the austenite formation and then the sheet blank, which has been heated all over or only in some regions, is transferred to a forming die, is formed in the forming die, and in the forming die, is cooled at a speed that lies above the critical hardening speed and is thus hardened or else the sheet blank is completely cold formed and the formed sheet blank is heated all over or only in some regions to a temperature >Ac.sub.3 and as needed, is kept at this temperature for a predetermined time in order to carry out the austenite formation and then the sheet blank, which has been heated and formed all over or only in some regions, is transferred to a hardening die, and is hardened in the hardening die at a speed that lies above the critical hardening speed; the steel material is adjusted in a transformation-delaying way so that at a forming temperature that lies in the range from 450 C. to 700 C., a quench hardening takes place through the transformation of the austenite into martensite; after the heating and before the forming, an active cooling takes place in which the sheet blank or parts of the sheet blank is/are cooled at a cooling speed of >15 K/s; for the homogeneous, contactless cooling of hot sheet blanks or components, a cooling apparatus and an article with a hot surface are moved relative to each other; the cooling apparatus has at least two cooling blades or cooling columns that are parallel to and spaced apart from each other; oriented toward the sheet blank to be cooled or the component to be cooled, the cooling blades or cooling columns have a nozzle edge with nozzles; the nozzles direct a cooling fluid at the surface of the sheet blank or the component and after the cooling fluid contacts the hot surface, it flows away in the space between the blades or cooling columns.

A graphitization furnace has a furnace structure including a support part within a furnace chamber, and a gate valve. The gate valve in an open state thereof after a graphitization process dumps a pack material within the furnace chamber in a state in which carbon bodies are located within the furnace chamber, and the support part catches the carbon bodies as a level of the carbon bodies lowers with a decrease in an amount of the pack material remaining within the furnace chamber.

The invention relates to a method for sintering carbon bodies (16) in a furnace comprising at least a first furnace chamber (11) for receiving the carbon bodies, which are accommodated in a packing material (23), the carbon bodies being arranged between lateral chamber walls (12, 13, 21) of the furnace chamber, and the furnace chamber serving to form a preheating zone V, a heating zone H provided with a heating device, and a cooling zone A, wherein a packing material (23) made, at least in part, of a highly heat-conductive material is used.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for tempering hot articles, in particular an apparatus for homogeneous, contactless tempering of primarily non-endless surfaces that are to be tempered; the tempering apparatus has at least one tempering blade or a tempering cylinder; the tempering blade or tempering cylinder is embodied as hollow and has a tempering blade nozzle edge or a plurality of tempering cylinders arranged in a row; in the nozzle edge at least one nozzle is provided, which is aimed at an article to be tempered; and at least seven tempering blades are arranged in such a way that the flow pattern on the surface to be tempered forms a honeycomb-like structure; and to a method therefor.

Moving metal strips can be heat treated with any number or combination of dimensionally variable tempers across widths, lengths, or thicknesses of a metal strip. To provide dimensionally variable heat treatment, an apparatus can include one or more heating units suitable to increase the temperature of a metal strip moving proximate the apparatus to a heat treatment temperature. The apparatus can also include one or more cooling units positioned near the heating units to absorb heat and cool the metal strip to minimize the amount of heat transferred from a first region of the metal strip that is to be treated to a second region of the metal strip that is not to be treated.

A dual annealing apparatus and use thereof for precision annealing of an article are provided. In one aspect, an annealing apparatus includes: a first heating plate opposite a second heating plate; a first cooling source associated with the first heating plate; and a second cooling source associated with the second heating plate, wherein the first heating plate and the second heating plate are independently controllable, and wherein the first cooling source and the second cooling source are independently controllable. A method for annealing an article using the annealing apparatus is also provided.

Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to apparatus and methods for semiconductor processing, more particularly, to a thermal process chamber. In one or more embodiments, a process chamber comprises a first window, a second window, a substrate support disposed between the first window and the second window, and a motorized rotatable radiant spot heating source disposed over the first window and configured to provide radiant energy through the first window.

The invention relates to a dental furnace wherein a firing chamber is heated up in a first heating-up period at a first heating-up rate of more than 501 K/min, in particular more than 1001 K/min, which heats the furnace to at least 10001 C, in particular to 1100-12501 C. The first heating-up period is followed by an intermediate heating period, which is at least five minutes long, in particular at least ten minutes long, the gradient or heating-up rate of which is adapted to the material to be sintered in the dental furnace (10), and wherein this is followed by an end heating-up period (44) during which heating up is effected at a heating-up rate of more than 301 K/min, in particular approximately 501 K/min, and wherein during this the furnace temperature is held for at least five minutes, in particular for at least 25 minutes, above the temperature toward the end of the first heating-up period, and wherein forced cooling of the furnace (10) is performed after this.

High temperature furnaces, calcining, pyrolysis and other high temperature manufacturing processes, composition rearrangements, and equipment. Systems, equipment and processes using oxyfuel combustion using gaseous fuels for cement manufacture. Reactor furnaces using oxyfuel containing natural gas and gravity feed to process pellets forming a pellet bed into cement.