The present invention addresses the problem of providing a sheet for heat exchange elements, which has high water resistance, while also having excellent productivity by achieving excellent shape stability. The present invention is a sheet for heat exchange elements, which is provided with a laminate that is composed of at least a porous substrate and a resin layer, and which is configured such that the resin layer contains at least a urethane resin and a polyvinylpyrrolidone and/or a vinylpyrrolidone copolymer.

The present invention provides enthalpy exchanger elements (E, E′, PR, PF) and enthalpy exchangers comprising such elements. Furthermore, the invention discloses a method for producing such enthalpy exchanger elements and enthalpy exchangers, comprising the steps of a) providing an air-permeable sheet element (1); b) laminating at least one side (1a, 1b) of the sheet element (1) with a thin polymer film (3, 4) with water vapor transmission characteristics; and c) forming the laminated sheet element (1) into a desired shape exhibiting a three-dimensional corrugation pattern (5, 5, . . . ).

Disclosed is a multilayer hydrophilic coating, comprising: a base layer comprising oxide particles, wherein a shape of an oxide particle is a hollow, generally spherical shell; a topcoat layer deposited on the base layer, wherein the topcoat layer comprises a sol-gel; and a doping agent, wherein the doping agent is located within the topcoat layer, deposited on the topcoat layer, located between the base layer and the topcoat layer, or combinations thereof.

A heat exchanger disclosed in the present disclosure includes a first collecting pipe, a second collecting pipe, a number of heat exchange tubes, at least one fin and a hygroscopic colloid. The heat exchange tube has a pipe wall and a refrigerant flow channel for a refrigerant to circulate. The heat exchange tube has a first end and a second end. The refrigerant flow channel extends from the first end to the second end along an extension direction of the heat exchange tube and extends through the heat exchange tube. The hygroscopic colloid is adhered to at least part of an outer surface of the heat exchange tube and/or the fin. The present disclosure also discloses a heat exchange system having the heat exchanger and a method for making the heat exchanger. The hygroscopic colloidal material of the present disclosure is friendly to metal surfaces.

Provided is an air conditioner configured such that the inside of an indoor unit is dried while an increase in a humidity in a room is suppressed. The air conditioner of the present invention includes an outdoor unit and an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger and a decompression device. The indoor heat exchanger has a first heat exchange portion and a second heat exchange portion. The decompression device is connected to the first heat exchange portion and the second heat exchange portion. This air conditioner performs cooling operation or dehumidifying operation in which the first heat exchange portion and the second heat exchange portion function as evaporators and reheat dehumidifying operation in which the first heat exchange portion functions as a condenser and the second heat exchange portion functions as the evaporator. Moreover, water repelling treatment is performed for the second heat exchange portion

The present invention relates to a method of enhancing heat transfer of metallic surfaces by (1) fabricating hierarchical micro-nanostructured surfaces using etching processes, and (2) fabricating hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, using a printing or a coating technique, followed by etching. The said method enhances the density of condensation sites over a metallic surface and additionally facilitates the departure of condensed droplets from the surface. Such a surface also enhances the sensible heat transfer characteristics, and improves the coefficient of performance (COP) of refrigeration systems for applications like atmospheric water generators, dehumidifiers, air conditioners, etc.

A heat dissipation module including a heat dissipation portion, a working fluid, and a buffer member is provided. The heat dissipation portion has a containing portion, the working fluid is contained in the containing portion, and the buffer member is connected to the containing portion. When the working fluid is heated, the buffer member is expanded to maintain a constant pressure within the containing portion.

A mission critical facility is an enclosed space whose failure can bring a significant loss to a business. An example of a mission critical facility is a data center which usually comprises computers, servers, storage equipment, networking equipment, telecom equipment and associated electrical components working 24/7. The electrical components in the data center produce a lot of heat that requires removal from the enclosed space by using an air conditioning system. This invention includes a fluid cooling apparatus that cools the enclosed space using optimum power and water consumptions. The enclosed space can be a mission critical facility including but not limited to a data center. The disclosed fluid cooling apparatus offers low power and water consumption by combining a mechanical cooling system with an evaporative fluid cooling system in one single apparatus. Some embodiments locate the condenser coil for the mechanical cooling system in the evaporative fluid cooling's exhaust air to save on space and power consumption, which is novel in the industry. Also, this invention proposes using pre-cooling techniques for fluid-coolers which further improves the efficiency of the fluid cooling system which is also novel in the industry. The disclosed fluid cooling apparatus has three modes of operation to optimize power and water consumptions. Also, the disclosed fluid cooling apparatus can be used to deliver cold air to the enclosed space, cold fluid to the enclosed space or an end user or a combination of both which is called hybrid-cooling.

A heat transfer assembly includes a first plate, a second plate, and an engaging unit. The first plate has a first side and a second side, and the second plate has a third side and a fourth side. The third side is attached to the first side, which defines a sealed chamber between the first and second plates. The fourth side has an accommodating portion that is in thermal contact with at least a heat source. The engaging unit is disposed adjacent to the accommodating portion, and engaged with the heat source, thereby allowing the heat transfer assembly to be in direct contact with the heat source. Therefore, a lower thermal resistance can be achieved by the direct contact, and no penetration to the heat transfer assembly prevents the assembly from vacuum leaks.

Disclosed herein is a hydrophilic coating that includes an adhesive agent; an insolubilizer for insolubilizing the adhesive agent; titanium dioxide; and a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of silver oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, and combinations thereof. The hydrophilic coating is useful on the heat transfer surfaces of a condensing heat exchanger.