A system includes a processing circuit having a memory coupled to one or more processors, the memory storing instructions therein that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: receive engine operational data, the engine operational data indicative of at least one engine operational condition; determine, based on the engine operational data, an estimated exhaust temperature; generate, based on the estimated exhaust temperature and a finite time horizon, a forecasted exhaust temperature; correct the forecasted exhaust temperature based on a downpipe model to generate a first inlet temperature profile corresponding to a first component of the exhaust aftertreatment system; and generate, based on the first inlet temperature profile, a second inlet temperature profile corresponding to a second component of the exhaust aftertreatment system.

The invention relates to a method for regenerating a particulate filter in the exhaust gas channel of an internal combustion engine. Here, the particulate filter is divided into several zones for determining the loading state, and, at the same time, a temperature distribution over the cross section of the particulate filter is determined. In order to prevent the soot retained in the edge zones of in the particulate filter from being insufficiently oxidized, when it is ascertained that the edge zones have been sufficiently loaded, the exhaust gas temperature is raised to a temperature which, in spite of the heat losses in the edge areas, lies above the temperature at which oxidation of the soot particles can take place. The invention further relates to an internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas channel and a particulate filter arranged in the exhaust gas channel, said internal combustion engine being configured to carry out such a method.

Technical solutions described herein include an emissions control system for treating exhaust gas in a motor vehicle including an internal combustion engine. The emissions control system includes a model-based controller to control reductant injection into the exhaust gas. Controlling the reductant injection includes determining an amount of NOx and an amount of NH3 at an outlet of the first SCR device, and at an outlet of the second SCR device. The controlling further includes computing an amount of reductant to inject to maintain a first predetermined ratio between the amount of NH3 and the amount of NOx at the outlet of the first SCR device and to maintain a second predetermined ratio between the amount of NH3 and the amount of NOx at the outlet of the second SCR device. Further, the controlling includes sending a command for receipt by the reductant injector to inject the computed amount of reductant.

A system for determining a performance status of an exhaust aftertreatment system may include determining an ammonia-to-nitrogen ratio using a sample ammonia input value and a sample NO.sub.x input value. An actual NO.sub.x input value and an actual ammonia input value can be received. An emission value from may be received from a first sensor. A NO.sub.x emission estimate, an ammonia slip estimate, and an optimal ammonia storage value for a selective catalytic reduction may be determined using an iterative inefficiency calculation based, at least in part, on the actual NO.sub.x input value, the actual ammonia input value, and the ammonia-to-nitrogen ratio; and the NO.sub.x emission estimate, the ammonia slip estimate, and the optimal ammonia storage value may be outputted to a diagnostic system.

A method (and a system that executes the method) for control of at least one sectional ammonia coverage degree profile NH.sub.3_profile for at least one SCR catalyst included in an exhaust gas treatment system, the method includes determining at least one ammonia sectional coverage degree profile NH.sub.3_profile_det for the at least one SCR catalyst based on a flow F, a temperature T and a composition C of the exhaust stream upstream of the at least one SCR catalyst. The method also includes comparing the at least one sectional ammonia coverage NH.sub.3_profile_ref with at least one sectional reference profile for an ammonia coverage degree NH.sub.3_profile_ref for the at least one SCR catalyst. The method further includes controlling, based on the comparison, at least one of a concentration of nitrogen oxides C.sub.NOX in the exhaust stream to be output from the combustion engine and a dosage of a reductant including ammonia NH.sub.3 to be injected into the exhaust stream upstream of the at least one SCR catalyst.

Methods and systems are provided for model-based determination of a temperature distribution of an exhaust aftertreatment system of a vehicle. A power demand from a first component of the aftertreatment system is measure, a heat transfer into the first component of the aftertreatment system based on power demand of the first component and a configurable emissivity value of the exhaust gas is determined, and the temperature of the first component based on the calculated heat transfer is calculated.

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems are known and are generally included in the exhaust systems of diesel engines in order to treat the exhaust gases of such engines. Such systems typically involve the introduction of a diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) into exhaust gas flowing in an exhaust passage of an engine. DEF dosing systems are limited by the amounts of DEF that can be delivered without deposits forming on surfaces of the aftertreatment system. A numerical model of a hydrolysis catalyst is provided. The model comprises a spatial model of a hydrolysis catalyst to be modelled, where the hydrolysis catalyst is divided into a plurality of discrete spatial units. For each of the discrete spatial units, values for a plurality of matter state parameters are determined.

Methods and systems are provided for partially regenerating a lean NO.sub.x trap in response to an engine shutdown request. In one example, an engine shutdown is delayed so that a low-temperature storing region of the lean NO.sub.x trap is regenerated without regenerating a high-temperature storing region of the lean NO.sub.x trap. A battery charge is replenished during the shutdown, wherein the charge may be consumed during a subsequent engine operation.

The invention concerns a method for controlling an SCR catalytic converter. A first modelled level of ammonia (NH3_mod1) and a second modelled level of ammonia (NH3_mod2) of the SCR catalytic converter are determined from two different models. The second modelled level of ammonia (NH3_mod2) is assessed by comparing it with the first modelled level of ammonia (NH3_mod1).

A system and method for non-destructive testing of a monolith catalyst element includes a a piping arrangement located above and below the element that seals against a portion of the element. A test fluid passes between the piping and therefore through the portion of the sealed catalyst section. Ports located in the piping allow for sampling of the fluid before and after the catalyst section. The catalyst element may then be repositioned for testing of a second portion of the element.