A system includes an aftertreatment system and a controller coupled to the aftertreatment system. The controller is configured to generate a spatially resolved model of a catalyst of the aftertreatment system. The controller is further configured to adjust the spatially resolved model based on one or more sensed values from at least one sensor upstream of the one or more portions and at least one sensor downstream of the one or more portions.

A system and method for non-destructive testing of a monolith catalyst element includes an inlet and outlet piping arrangement seal against opposing face surfaces of the catalyst element and permit at least a portion of the catalyst element to be tested. A gap between the surface on which the catalyst element rests and the inlet piping prevents or reduces heat transfer between the piping and the surface. A test fluid passes between the piping and therefore through the portion of the sealed catalyst section. Ports located in the piping allow for sampling of the fluid before and after the catalyst section. The catalyst element may then be repositioned on the surface for testing of a second portion of the element. Alternatively, the catalyst element and its housing can be placed on a pivot table so the housed catalyst element can be tested.

A method and a control unit for checking an exhaust gas system in a vehicle. A control unit in the vehicle receives data from sensors of the vehicle and sends out control commands to final control elements of the vehicle. The control unit is in communication connection with an external computer located outside of the vehicle. The external computer causes the control unit to make an active intervention in the exhaust gas system by actuating final control elements of the vehicle. The control unit receives sensor data from the exhaust gas system, which it forwards to the external computer. Based on the sensor data from the sensors, the external computer rates the exhaust gas system as OK or manipulated.

A method is for exhaust aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine having at least one selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst supplied with exhaust gas of the engine. The method includes virtually dividing the SCR catalyst into n-bricks in a direction of flow of the exhaust gas, and determining desired NH3 target fill levels for the SCR catalyst as a function of a desired target NOx conversion efficiency. The method further including assuming a steady state condition for the determination of the desired NH3 target fill levels, and determining the desired NH3 target fill levels for the at least one SCR catalyst by an inverse SCR model of a current NOx concentration upstream of the SCR catalyst, an SCR catalyst temperatures of the bricks, an exhaust mass flow, an oxygen concentration, an exhaust pressure upstream of the SCR catalyst and a desired target NOx conversion efficiency.

Methods and systems are provided for model-based determination of a temperature distribution of an exhaust aftertreatment system of a vehicle. A power demand from a first component of the aftertreatment system is measure, a heat transfer into the first component of the aftertreatment system based on power demand of the first component and a configurable emissivity value of the exhaust gas is determined, and the temperature of the first component based on the calculated heat transfer is calculated.

A system includes a processing circuit having a memory coupled to one or more processors, the memory storing instructions therein that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to: receive an estimated exhaust temperature; generate, based on the estimated exhaust temperature, a forecasted exhaust temperature; modify the forecasted exhaust temperature based on a downpipe model to generate a first temperature profile corresponding to a first component of an exhaust aftertreatment system; and generate, based on the first temperature profile, a second temperature profile corresponding to a second component of the exhaust aftertreatment system.

A method is for exhaust aftertreatment of an internal combustion engine having at least one selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst supplied with exhaust gas of the engine. The method includes virtually dividing the SCR catalyst into n-bricks in a direction of flow of the exhaust gas, and determining desired NH3 target fill levels for the SCR catalyst as a function of a desired target NOx conversion efficiency. The method further including assuming a steady state condition for the determination of the desired NH3 target fill levels, and determining the desired NH3 target fill levels for the at least one SCR catalyst by an inverse SCR model of a current NOx concentration upstream of the SCR catalyst, an SCR catalyst temperatures of the bricks, an exhaust mass flow, an oxygen concentration, an exhaust pressure upstream of the SCR catalyst and a desired target NOx conversion efficiency.

A system, method, and apparatus for predicting and controlling tailpipe NOx conversion and ammonia slip based on degradation of an aftertreatment system. The aftertreatment system is coupled to a controller. The controller can be configured to retrieve, from a memory, a model of a catalyst of the aftertreatment system. The model can be generated based on at least historical data from at least one sensor upstream of the catalyst and at least one sensor downstream of the catalyst. The controller predicts, using the model, a first value to be sensed by the sensor upstream of the catalyst and a second value to be sensed by the sensor downstream of the catalyst. The controller controls reductant dosing from a doser based on the predicted second value.

A system, method, and apparatus for predicting and controlling tailpipe NOx conversion and ammonia slip based on degradation of an aftertreatment system are provided. A controller is configured to: obtain, from a memory, data regarding the aftertreatment system, the data comprising at least one of an operation time of a catalyst or a number of regeneration events of the catalyst of the aftertreatment system; generate, based on at least one of the operation time or the number of regeneration events, a parameter value representing a degradation or deactivation level of the catalyst; and execute an action based on a comparison between the parameter value and a threshold.