The invention relates to a system for storing and supplying water to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle with a reservoir for the water, with at least a delivery pump for the water, and with at least a pipeline system comprising at least a feed line to a consumer which is preferably designed in the form of at least a metering unit, and at least a return line into the reservoir as well as with means for demineralizing the water which are disposed inside the reservoir or in the pipeline system.

A set of apparatus to inject distilled-water in solution acting as an engine coolant into the combustion chamber of a high-compression air-cooled piston aircraft engine to mix with aviation gasoline, operating on a minimum 91 motor octane aviation gasoline (leaded or unleaded), thereby improving engine performance, and suppressing early detonation in prescribed operating situations. The apparatus incorporates 1) an ultra-light weight corrosion-resistant engine coolant storage compartment mounted inside the aircraft, 2) stainless steel pipe fittings, 3) controller activated fluid injectors with wide spray nozzles, 4) aircraft-approved wiring and stainless steel plumbing tied to the pump and combustion chamber, 5) a primary and back-up electric pump approved for aviation use, 6) a special formulation of water-based cooling fluid in solution with a non-toxic anti-freezing agent designed for high altitude aircraft use, 7) electric sensors for temperature, pressure and early detonation programmed to a sensory control unit that automatically activates the electric pump to inject coolant only on pre-configured conditions during periods of peak engine performance when early detonation is most likely to occur, 8) a is digital metering display for the pilot instrument panel capable to report cylinder-head temperature, manifold pressure, oxygen (air/fuel ratio) and an aviation approved knock-sensor, and 8) a test switch and automatic operation on-off switch.

There is described a hydro-fuel composition of a water solution containing hydrogen, wherein the water solution has less than 1000 ppm total dissolved solids, and an oxidation reduction potential of less than 250 milliVolts. The hydro-fuel composition can be used in a diesel engine after the temperature of the diesel engine reaches a temperature of 80 C. to 90 C.

A method of controlling water injection in an internal combustion engine for a motor vehicle in case of freezing cold weather. The method includes: controlling the quality of the water, having a first sub-step of disapproving the quality of the water if the electrical conductivity of the water is not zero nor close to zero when the temperature T of the water is 0 C. or less and a second sub-step of approving the quality of the water if the electrical conductivity of the water is zero or close to zero when the temperature T of the water is higher than 4 C., preferably higher than 2 C. The method further includes a second sub-step of preventing water injection if the quality of the water is disapproved and a third step of allowing water injection if the quality of the water is approved.

A control apparatus of an engine including a cylinder into which a piston is reciprocatably fitted is provided. The apparatus includes a fuel injector, a water injector, and a controller. The controller includes an engine load determining module for receiving a parameter and determining whether an engine operating range is within a low high load range or a high load range. Within the low load range, the controller controls the fuel injector to inject fuel into a center region of a combustion chamber. Within the high load range, the controller controls the fuel injector to inject the fuel in a period between a latter half of compression stroke and an early half of expansion stroke, and the water injector to inject supercritical water or subcritical water toward a crown surface of the piston in a period that is after the injection and before a mixture gas ignition.

A device for injecting water of an internal combustion engine includes a water tank, at least one water injector, at least one UV lamp, and a control unit. The water tank is configured to store water. The water injector is connected to the water tank and is configured to inject the water. The UV lamp is configured to emit ultraviolet radiation. The control unit is configured to switch on the UV lamp to decontaminate the water with the emitted ultraviolet radiation, and to switch on the water injector to inject the decontaminated water.

There is described a hydro-fuel composition of a water solution containing hydrogen, wherein the water solution has less than 1000 ppm total dissolved solids, and an oxidation reduction potential of less than 250 milliVolts. The hydro-fuel composition can be used in a diesel engine after the temperature of the diesel engine reaches a temperature of 80 C. to 90 C.

An I.C. engine (and vehicles incorporating the same) connected with an air reservoir and having means of introducing water (or other evaporable fluid). The air reservoir can be used to store energy (in the form of compressed air) while braking the engine and/or allow compressed air to power the engine or to improve its performance. The evaporable fluid can be used: to increase engine efficiency, to increase power, for cooling, as a knock inhibitor, to allow an increased compression ratio, for NOx reduction, to effect other emissions, to aid in controlling HCCI, etc. The cooling effect of evaporable fluid is complementary to storing energy pneumatically since cooler air can be stored more efficiently. Other advantages are also discussed. This engine disclosure further contemplates means to recapture evaporable fluid for reuse (unburned hydrocarbons etc. may also be captured similarly).

An electrolysis cell and internal combustion engine kit are provided in which water for the cell may be captured such as from engine exhaust. Water feeding from a water condenser to a water tank and from the water tank to the cell is pump free. Peltier type thermocouples are configured to provide cooling or heating for enhanced operations. Conductive level detectors detect fluid levels in various vessels of the electrolysis system.

A control apparatus of a premixed charge compression ignition engine that includes an engine body having a cylinder and intake and exhaust passages, and causes a mixture gas to self-ignite inside the cylinder is provided. The apparatus includes a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the cylinder, a water injector for injecting supercritical water or subcritical water into the cylinder, an EGR passage for communicating the exhaust and intake passages and recirculating, as EGR gas, a portion of an exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder to the intake passage, an EGR valve for adjusting an EGR gas recirculation amount, and a controller. The controller includes an engine load determining module for receiving a parameter and determining whether an engine operating state is a first state where the engine load is below a switch load or a second state where the engine load is the switch load or above.