Systems and methods are described for electrical power control of a hybrid vehicle. A change in an electrical load of an ancillary component of the vehicle is determined. In response to determining the change in the electrical load of the ancillary component, an electrical load of an electrically heated catalyst of the vehicle is adjusted.

An aftertreatment system comprises a first SCR system, a second SCR system positioned downstream of the SCR system and a reductant storage tank. At least one reductant insertion assembly is fluidly coupled to the reductant storage tank. The at least one reductant insertion assembly is also fluidly coupled to the first SCR system and the SCR system. A controller is communicatively coupled to the reductant insertion assembly. The controller is configured to instruct the reductant insertion assembly to asynchronously insert the reductant into the first SCR system and the second SCR system.

A reductant insertion system for an after treatment system configured to decompose constituents of an exhaust gas, includes: a dry reductant tank configured to contain a dry reductant; a reductant delivery line configured to operatively couple the dry reductant tank to the after treatment system for delivery of the dry reductant to the after treatment system; and a pressurized gas source configured to communicate the dry reductant to the after treatment system through the reductant delivery line using pressurized gas.

A filtration assembly for removing particulate matter from exhaust gas produced by an engine, including: a first filter; a second filter positioned downstream of the first filter; and a valve including: a first ring defining a plurality of first openings, and a second ring defining a plurality of second openings, the second ring abutting the first ring. The valve is moveable between a closed position in which the plurality of first openings are misaligned with the plurality of second openings to prevent a fluid from flowing through the plurality of first and second openings, and an open position in which the second ring is rotated relative to the first ring such that the plurality of first openings are aligned with the plurality of second openings allowing the fluid to flow therethrough. A first end of the valve is positioned at an outlet of the first filter, and a second end of the valve is positioned at an inlet of the second filter. In the closed position of the valve, substantially all of the exhaust gas flows through the second filter, and in the open position of the valve, at least a portion of the exhaust gas flows through the valve and bypasses the second filter.

A method for detecting a dosing error of a reduction agent in a dosing module of an SCR catalytic converter system. The SCR catalytic converter system comprises the dosing module, which has a dosing valve and a flow valve as well as a delivery module with delivery pump. The SCR catalytic converter system, furthermore, has a return, in which a further flow valve is arranged. Said flow valve changes an effective cross-sectional area of the return. The method herein comprises the following steps: at the beginning, the dosing valve is closed (200). At a first pressure value (p.sub.1) in the system the delivery pump is switched off (201) and a measurement (202) of a first pressure rate (β.sub.RL.sup.dynamic) of the flow valve of the return subsequently takes place. Additional operation of the pump and the dosing valve occurs and a ratio of pressure rates is determined.

An upper part of FIG. 7 represents a catalyst warming-up control when a normal fuel is used, and a lower part of FIG. 7 represents the catalyst warming-up control when a heavy fuel is used. As understood from a comparison between the upper part and the lower part of FIG. 7, the start timing of the ignition period and the total injection amount of the injector in each cycle when the heavy fuel is used are the same as those when the normal fuel is used, though the ratio of the intake stroke injection and the expansion stroke injection to the total injection amount of the injector is changed to increase the fuel amount of the expansion stroke injection as compared with the case where the normal fuel is used.

A method to reduce NOx breakthrough and NH3 slip is provided when the SCR system is increasing in temperature and/or increasing exhaust gas mass flow. The method includes the steps of monitoring states of parameters of the exhaust gas upstream of an SCR catalyst where the states of parameters include at least one of the inlet temperature or the exhaust gas mass flow; identifying one of a temperature increase or an increased exhaust gas mass flow at the SCR inlet; identifying a new lower ammonia set-point or storage concentration for the SCR; and identifying the rate of NH3 consumption. The method further includes the step of determining an “intervening phase” a small dosage of DEF is continued during the intervening phase.

The invention relates to a fluid container for a motor vehicle, having a container wall that bounds a storage volume for storing liquid with respect to an environment, a heating element that is arranged in the storage volume, and a housing, wherein the housing encloses the heating element in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the supply volume.

Switchable radiative energy harvesting systems and methods of harvesting radiation are disclosed. A system includes an optical filter that includes at least one of an active material and a passive material. The optical filter is switchable between a shield mode and a harvesting mode such that the at least one of the active material and the passive material is in a reflecting state during the shield mode such that the optical filter blocks passage of radiation from a thermal emitter to a thermophotovoltaic cell and a transmitting state during the harvesting mode such that that the optical filter allows the radiation to pass from the thermal emitter to the thermophotovoltaic cell.

Systems and methods for treated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for an internal combustion engine are disclosed. The internal combustion engine has an exhaust manifold discharging exhaust gas and an intake manifold receiving forced air from a compressor. One or more exhaust treatment devices treat the exhaust gas and produce a treated exhaust gas. The EGR system includes an EGR line downstream of the one or more exhaust treatment devices and connected to the engine intake line downstream of the compressor, wherein the treated EGR line recirculates the treated exhaust gas to the intake manifold of the engine without passing through the compressor.