A gas detection fuse comprising a thin strip or sheet of a conductive material, such as a metal, connecting two electrodes for detecting a gas of interest. The metal is selected to be reactive with the gas of interest, and has a relatively large surface area, such that when the gas of interest contacts the metal, the electrical connection between the electrodes is broken (e.g., due to the metal losing physical integrity, or becoming non-conductive, as a result of the reaction with the gas). The gas of interest may be chlorine, and the conducting material may be tin. When the tin is exposed to chlorine the tin becomes oxidized to produce liquid tin tetrachloride, thus breaking the electrical connection.

The present invention provides a catalytic conversion-type sensor that detects a detection target gas by detecting a conversion gas produced through a reaction, the catalytic conversion-type sensor including: a gas flow path that allows the detection target gas to flow down; and a conversion portion that is connected to the gas flow path, the conversion portion including, on a side partitioned by a diffusion means that allows the detection target gas to naturally diffuse, a heated catalyst portion that produces a conversion gas by causing the detection target gas to come into contact with a heated catalyst and react with the heated catalyst, and a sensor element portion that is capable of detecting the conversion gas produced through the reaction.

A method which distinctly characterizes and quantifies the pyritic sulfur and the organic sulfur of a sedimentary rock sample. A rock sample is subjected to a heating sequence in an inert atmosphere which produces effluents resulting which are continuously oxidized. SO.sub.2 is continuously measured, and a pyrolysis sulfur content and a pyrolysis pyritic sulfur content are deduced therefrom. The residue from heating in an inert atmosphere is then heated in an oxidizing atmosphere. Released SO.sub.2 is continuously measured and at least an oxidation sulfur content is deduced therefrom. The pyritic sulfur content is determined from pyrolysis, a weighting function, a second parameter representing the impact of the mineral matrix and a third parameter representing the impact of the organic matrix.

An embodiment provides a method for measuring a concentration of lead(0) in an aqueous sample, including: introducing an aqueous sample to a reaction vessel; adding a copper(II) acetate material to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; chelating unreacted copper(II) material by introduction of an organosulfur compound to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; adding a colorimetric indicator to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; and measuring a concentration of lead(II) in the aqueous sample by measuring a colorimetric change of the aqueous sample caused by a reaction of lead(II) within the aqueous sample with the colorimetric indicator. Other aspects are described and claimed.

A gas detection fuse is provided, comprising a thin strip or sheet of a conductive material, such as a metal, connecting two electrodes for detecting a gas of interest. The metal is selected to be reactive with the gas of interest, and has a relatively large surface area, such that when the gas of interest contacts the metal, the electrical connection between the electrodes is broken (e.g., due to the metal losing physical integrity, or becoming non-conductive, as a result of the reaction with the gas). The gas of interest may be chlorine, and the conducting material may be tin. When the tin is exposed to chlorine the tin becomes oxidized to produce liquid tin tetrachloride, thus breaking the electrical connection.

Provided herein is a method determining the concentration of impurities in a carbon material, comprising: mixing a flux and a carbon material to form a mixture, wherein the carbon material is selected from the group consisting of graphene, carbon nanotubes, fullerene, carbon onions, graphite, carbon fibers, and a combination thereof; heating the mixture using microwave energy to form fused materials; dissolution of the fused materials in an acid mixture; and measuring the concentration of one or more impurities.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may include applying a periodic excitation signal via an electrode of a CGM sensor to human interstitial fluid to drive an oxidation/reduction reaction, and measuring the current through the electrode. In some embodiments, the measured current is sampled and digitized, and various harmonics of the excitation signal's fundamental frequency are extracted. A set of relationships of at least two harmonics each is generated from the spectral amplitudes of a set of pairs, triplets, etc., of the harmonics, and the set of relationships is mapped to a glucose concentration such as based on the contents of a harmonic relationship database having a pre-existing set of harmonic relationships and glucose concentrations to which those sets of harmonic relationships correspond, for example. Numerous other embodiments are provided.

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may include applying a periodic excitation signal via an electrode of a CGM sensor to human interstitial fluid to drive an oxidation/reduction reaction, and measuring the current through the electrode. In some embodiments, the measured current is sampled and digitized, and various harmonics of the excitation signal's fundamental frequency are extracted. A set of relationships of at least two harmonics each is generated from the spectral amplitudes of a set of pairs, triplets, etc., of the harmonics, and the set of relationships is mapped to a glucose concentration such as based on the contents of a harmonic relationship database having a pre-existing set of harmonic relationships and glucose concentrations to which those sets of harmonic relationships correspond, for example. Numerous other embodiments are provided.

Provided is a high-frequency power source UV lamp monitor capable of easily confirming lighting of a UV lamp built in a housing having a hermetically sealed structure. The monitor is attached to a high-frequency power UV lamp 20 that emits ultraviolet light by supplying high-frequency energy from a high-frequency power source 19 via a feeder, and is configured to include a detection circuit having a core member attached around the feeder in a ring shape and made of a magnetically permeable material, an induction circuit wound around the core member to extract a high-frequency induction current, and a detection element connected to the induction circuit.

An embodiment provides a method for measuring a concentration of lead(0) in an aqueous sample, including: introducing an aqueous sample to a reaction vessel; adding a copper(II) acetate material to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; chelating unreacted copper(II) material by introduction of an organosulfur compound to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; adding a colorimetric indicator to the aqueous sample in the reaction vessel; and measuring a concentration of lead(II) in the aqueous sample by measuring a colorimetric change of the aqueous sample caused by a reaction of lead(II) within the aqueous sample with the colorimetric indicator. Other aspects are described and claimed.