A method of diagnosing a dry electrode mixture includes manufacturing the dry electrode mixture, inputting a feature value of the manufactured dry electrode mixture to a deep learning model, and acquiring a manufacturing condition of the dry electrode mixture from the deep learning model by input of the feature value.

A method of characterizing an analyte or the interaction between the analyte and an agent in a nanopore system, wherein the nanopore system comprises a protein nanopore disposed in a membrane that separates a first conductive liquid medium from a second conductive liquid medium, wherein the protein nanopore is MspA, MspA homolog or variant thereof, wherein the analyte has an conformation and the analyte with the conformation can be accommodated in the vestibule of the MspA, the MspA homolog or the variant thereof but cannot translocate through the MspA, the MspA homolog or the variant thereof, the method comprising: i) applying an electrical potential difference between the first conductive liquid medium and the second conductive liquid medium to drive the analyte into the nanopore, and optionally contacting the agent with the analyte; ii) measuring an ionic current through the protein nanopore to provide a tested current pattern that contains at least ionic current measured during the analyte is in the vestibule of the MspA, the MspA homolog or the variant thereof; iii) associating the tested current pattern with at least one characteristic of the analyte or the interaction between the analyte and an agent.