A method, comprising the steps of providing a sample containing contaminating nucleoside diphosphates and/or nucleoside triphosphates, such as ATP and/or ATP analogues including deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates; reducing the amount of the contaminating nucleoside diphosphates and/or nucleoside triphosphates in the sample with an apyrase enzyme, wherein said apyrase enzyme is a Shigella flexneri apyrase; and performing an analysis of the sample, wherein said analysis comprises an assay that would have been affected by the contaminating nucleoside diphosphates and/or nucleoside triphosphates had they not been reduced in the reduction step.

Provided are the use of cereblon (CRBN) as a biomarker for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and novel monoclonal antibodies specific to CRBN. More specifically, provided are a composition and a kit for diagnosing or predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by using CRBN as a biomarker for diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, an information providing method for diagnosing or predicting the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, two novel monoclonal antibodies binding specifically to CRBN, and hybridoma cells producing the same. The expression level difference of CRBN protein allows patients with hepatocellular carcinoma to be diagnosed early and indicates better predictive capabilities than the presence or absence of microvascular invasion, which was an important factor in predicting a prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma in prior art, and thus can be expected to be used as a diagnostic marker to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma and to evaluate a prognosis after hepatic resection.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods involving the use of mucin-specific proteases for mucin-specific cleavage, labeling, and/or enrichment of mucin domain glycoproteins. Also provided are methods for the analysis of mucin-domain glycoproteins useful in glycomapping of mucin glycosites and their associated glycoforms. Provided compositions and methods are also useful for selective cleavage, release, and enrichment of mucins from cell and tissue samples, for the study of native mucin biology, and for the detection and analysis of mucins that are aberrantly expressed in various conditions, including cancer.

Herein is reported a method for the detection of a sortase in a sample, comprising the following steps: a) incubating the sample with a first substrate comprising an immobilization tag and a second substrate comprising a detectable label, whereby in the presence of a sortase in the sample a conjugate comprising the immobilization tag and the detectable label is formed, b) immobilizing the conjugate of step a) via/using the immobilization tag to a solid phase, c) detecting the immobilized conjugate via/using the detectable label
and thereby detecting the sortase in the sample.

The invention described herein provides biological markers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of prostate cancer

Disclosed is a method for determining sensitivity to a CDK4/6 inhibitor, comprising the steps of: comparing a value based on activity of at least one CDK selected from CDK4 and CDK6 in a sample collected from a subject, with a threshold level corresponding to the CDK, and determining that the subject is insensitive to the CDK4/6 inhibitor when the value based on the CDK activity is less than the threshold level.

Provided herein are methods and kits for analyzing a biological sample obtained from a subject having, suspected of having, or being at risk for a disease associated with the contact activation system.

The present invention is relevant to polypeptides and novel methods of polypeptide evolution. The present invention further relates to methods of identifying a cross-species mutant polypeptide from, or based upon, a template polypeptide.

The present invention is relevant to polypeptides and novel methods of polypeptide evolution. The present invention further relates to methods of identifying a cross-species mutant polypeptide from, or based upon, a template polypeptide.

The present disclosure relates to a method for determining the mortality risk of an infectious inflammatory disease on the basis of the concentrations of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS) and cytokines. The method for determining the mortality risk of the present disclosure can effectively identify patients who are at high risk of mortality due to an infectious inflammatory disease within a short period of time and, as such, can be very helpful for performing timely therapy.