A screening method for confirming that a subject does not have a Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection, the method comprising: determining if a GBS-volatile organic compound (VOCs) is not present in a sample that has been taken from the genital mucosa of the subject, wherein if a GBS-VOC is not present in the sample, the subject does not have a Group B Streptococcus infection. A method of diagnosing that a subject has a Group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection, the method comprising: determining if a GBS-volatile organic compound (VOCs) is present in a sample that has been taken from the genital mucosa of the subject, wherein if a GBS-VOC is present in the sample, the subject has a Group B Streptococcus infection.

There is provided an influenza virus detection chip and a method for detecting influenza virus therewith. An influenza virus detection chip including: a graphene oxide film; a first pad disposed on one side of the graphene oxide film in a first direction; and a first electrode and a second electrode, connected to both ends of the graphene oxide film in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, wherein a first monoclonal antibody with a fluorescent label is included in the first pad, and a second monoclonal antibody is included in the graphene oxide film, and wherein the fluorescent label includes a C═C—C═C conjugated double bond.

The invention provides methods and systems for detecting a biomarker in a synovial fluid wherein the system also includes a control to ensure that the test sample is indeed synovial fluid. The biomarkers and the control for synovial fluid can be identified using proteomic methods, including but not limited to antibody based methods, such as an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA), a radioimmunoassay (RIA), or a lateral flow immunoassay.

The present invention is directed to an isolated synthetic tripeptide of formula H-D-Phe-N-Methyl-L-Val-L-Ala-OMe (SEQ ID NO:1), or a derivative thereof, and to the corresponding lipotripeptides, which are specific to Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) S-type strain, as well as derivatives and conjugates thereof. The invention also concerns the use of these antigens in different methods and tests for detecting Map infection, especially by detecting humoral response and cell mediated response of infected animals. The invention is also directed to a genetic signature of Map and a mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy signature of Map presence or infection.

The present invention relates to the detection or diagnosis of infection or inflammation in a patient. In particular, the invention provides methods that allow the detection of markers in a sample from a patient or subject, such as a blood sample, which will indicate whether the patient or subject has an infection or has an inflammatory response.

Methods of determining infection type are disclosed. In one embodiment, the method comprises measuring the amount of a determinant which is set forth in Tables 1 or 2 in a sample derived from the subject, wherein said amount is indicative of the infection type.

Coccidioidomycosis is most often diagnosed serologically and the quantitative complement-fixing antibody test (CF) is considered prognostically useful. Because CF is complex, labor-intensive, and poorly standardized, an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) alternative would be attractive. The present invention features an antibody-binding domain that is restricted to a 200 amino acid recombinant peptide of the known antigen responsible for CF activity. Overlapping truncations of this peptide do not bind CF antibodies, suggesting that the responsible epitope(s) are conformational. Further, anchoring the antigenic peptide to the ELISA plate by means of a C-terminal tag instead of allowing the peptide to randomly adhere to the plastic plate improves sensitivity of antibody detection by one to two logs in different sera. The newly developed ELISA shows a significant quantitative correlation with CF. This ELISA shows potential as the basis for a new quantitative assay for coccidioidal antibodies.

Disclosed are methods for diagnosing CAT1-related diseases, wherein the methods include detecting CAT1 in a cell by a BLV.RBD ligand, or a variant or a fragment thereof. Also disclosed is a BLV.RBD ligand, or a variant or a fragment thereof for use in the treatment of CAT1-related diseases and/or BLV infections.

A method of analysis using mass spectrometry and/or ion mobility spectrometry is disclosed. The method comprises: using a first device to generate smoke, aerosol or vapour from a target comprising or consisting of a microbial population; mass analysing and/or ion mobility analysing said smoke, aerosol or vapour, or ions derived therefrom, in order to obtain spectrometric data; and analysing said spectrometric data in order to analyse said microbial population.

The present invention concerns methods for aiding in the risk assessment of a patient with suspected sepsis. For example, the risk of poor outcome (such as of a complicated clinical course and/or of mortality) can be assessed. The methods of the present invention may comprise the steps of (a) determining the amount of the biomarker Presepsin in a sample from a patient with suspected sepsis who has a known qSOFA (quick Sequential Organ Failure-Assessment) score of 0, 1, 2 or 3, (b) determining the amount of the biomarker Pro-calcitonin (PCT) in a sample from the patient, comparing the amounts determined in steps (b) and (c) to reference amounts, and (d) aiding in the risk assessment of a patient with suspected sepsis. The methods of the present invention may be computer-implemented.