Dual or multi-modulation display system are disclosed that comprise projector systems with at least one modulator that may employ non-mechanical beam steering modulation. Many embodiments disclosed herein employ a non-mechanical beam steering and/or polarizer to provide for a highlights modulator.

A laser light source (300), a wavelength conversion light source, a light combining light source, and a projection system. The laser light source comprises a laser element array, a focusing optical element (33), a collimation optical element (34), an integrator rod (36) for receiving and homogenizing a secondary laser beam array (382), an angular distribution control element (35) disposed on the light path between the laser element array and the integrator rod (36) for enlarging the divergence angle of the laser beam array (382) in the direction of the short axis of the light distribution, such that the rate between the divergence angle of each of the secondary laser beam that enters the integrator rod (36) in the direction of the short axis of the light distribution and the divergence angle in the direction of the long axis is greater than or equal to 0.7.

A detector (110) for an optical detection of at least one object (112) is proposed. The detector (110) comprises: —at least one transfer device (120), wherein the transfer device (120) comprises at least two different focal lengths (140) in response to at least one incident light beam (136); —at least two longitudinal optical sensors (132), wherein each longitudinal optical sensor (132) has at least one sensor region (146), wherein each longitudinal optical sensor (132) is designed to generate at least one longitudinal sensor signal in a manner dependent on an illumination of the sensor region (146) by the light beam (136), wherein the longitudinal sensor signal, given the same total power of the illumination, is dependent on a beam cross-section of the light beam (136) in the sensor region (146), wherein each longitudinal optical sensor (132) exhibits a spectral sensitivity in response to the light beam (136) in a manner that two different longitudinal optical sensors (132) differ with regard to their spectral sensitivity; wherein each optical longitudinal sensor (132) is located at a focal point (138) of the transfer device (120) related to the spectral sensitivity of the respective longitudinal optical sensor (132); and —at least one evaluation device (150), wherein the evaluation device (150) is designed to generate at least one item of information on a longitudinal position and/or at least one item of information on a color of the object (112) by evaluating the longitudinal sensor signal of each longitudinal optical sensor (132). Thereby, a simple and, still, efficient detector for an accurate determining of a position and/or a color of at least one object in space is provided.

The invention relates to a head-up display (1) with a side image generator (2), particularly for motor vehicle. Said head-up display comprises:—an image generator (2) configured to display an image along a display axis (7);—a semi-reflective optical element (3) arranged space apart from the image generator (2) and configured o display a virtual image along a projection axis (9); and—at least one mirror (4) arranged on the display axis (7) so as to reflect the image from the image generator (2) towards the optical element (3) along a reflection axis (8). The display axis (7) of the image generator (2) is perpendicular to the projection axis (9) of the optical element.

Apparatus and methods for altering one or more spectral, spatial, or temporal characteristics of a light-emitting device are disclosed. Generally, such apparatus may include a volume Bragg grating (VBG) element that receives input light generated by a light-emitting device, conditions one or more characteristics of the input light, and causes the light-emitting device to generate light having the one or more characteristics of the conditioned light.

An illumination unit capable of reducing luminance unevenness in illumination light, a projection display unit, and a direct-view display unit each of which uses such an illumination unit. An illumination optical system includes one or more light sources each including a solid-state light-emitting device; and an optical member configured to allow light incident from the solid-state light-emitting device to pass therethrough and exit therefrom, and at least one of the chips in the one or more light sources is configured of a laser diode. The optical member includes an integrator including a first fly-eye lens on which light from the solid-state light-emitting device is incident and a second fly-eye lens on which light from the first fly-eye lens is incident, and uniformizing a luminance distribution of light in a predetermined illumination region illuminated with light incident from the solid-state light-emitting device. A major-axis direction of a luminance distribution shape of light incident on an incident plane of the first fly-eye lens is different from arrangement directions of the cells in the first fly-eye lens.

An illumination unit capable of reducing luminance unevenness in illumination light, a projection display unit, and a direct-view display unit each of which uses such an illumination unit. An illumination optical system includes one or more light sources each including a solid-state light-emitting device; and an optical member configured to allow light incident from the solid-state light-emitting device to pass therethrough and exit therefrom, and at least one of the chips in the one or more light sources is configured of a laser diode. The optical member includes an integrator including a first fly-eye lens on which light from the solid-state light-emitting device is incident and a second fly-eye lens on which light from the first fly-eye lens is incident, and uniformizing a luminance distribution of light in a predetermined illumination region illuminated with light incident from the solid-state light-emitting device. A major-axis direction of a luminance distribution shape of light incident on an incident plane of the first fly-eye lens is different from arrangement directions of the cells in the first fly-eye lens.

A laser light source (300), a wavelength conversion light source, a light combining light source, and a projection system. The laser light source comprises a laser element array, a focusing optical element (33), a collimation optical element (34), an integrator rod (36) for receiving and homogenizing a secondary laser beam array (382), an angular distribution control element (35) disposed on the light path between the laser element array and the integrator rod (36) for enlarging the divergence angle of the laser beam array (382) in the direction of the short axis of the light distribution, such that the rate between the divergence angle of each of the secondary laser beam that enters the integrator rod (36) in the direction of the short axis of the light distribution and the divergence angle in the direction of the long axis is greater than or equal to 0.7.

[Solving Means] A projector according to the present technology includes a lightbulb, a projection section, and a replacement mechanism. The lightbulb modulates light. The projection section projects light modulated by the lightbulb. The replacement mechanism holds a transmissive member arranged on an optical path between the lightbulb and the projection section and is capable of replacing the transmissive member.

Methods and systems for generating non-diffracting light sheets for multicolor fluorescence microscopy are disclosed. A method for generating a non-diffracting light patterned Bessel sheet comprises transmitting an input light beam through a Fourier transform lens the input light beam has a spatial intensity pattern at a first plane, and a Fourier plane is formed after the Fourier transform lens to obtain a first light beam; transmitting the first light beam through an annulus mask to obtain a second light beam; and transmitting the second light beam through an excitation objective lens to form a non-diffracting patterned light sheet. A method for generating a non-diffracting light line Bessel sheet comprises transmitting an input light beam at a first lane through an annulus mask to obtain a first light beam; and transmitting the first light beam through an excitation objective lens to form a non-diffracting Bessel light sheet.