A display device includes a liquid crystal element, a transistor, a scan line, and a signal line. The liquid crystal element includes a pixel electrode, a liquid crystal layer, and a common electrode. The scan line and the signal line are each electrically connected to the transistor. The scan line and the signal line each include a metal layer. The transistor is electrically connected to the pixel electrode. A semiconductor layer of the transistor includes a stack of a first metal oxide layer and a second metal oxide layer. The first metal oxide layer includes a region with lower crystallinity than the second metal oxide layer. The transistor includes a first region connected to the pixel electrode. The pixel electrode, the common electrode, and the first region are each configured to transmit visible light. Visible light passes through the first region and the liquid crystal element and exits from the display device.

A flexible array substrate structure and manufacturing method thereof are disclosed, in which the patterning process of an organic semi-conductive layer is achieved by using the inside wall of the opening of a color film layer as a bank, so that one mask can be saved. Also, a process for manufacturing a device can be simplified by an improved device structure, so that the flexible array substrate structure of the invention can be obtained by only using four masks.

A highly reliable semiconductor device is provided. A second insulating layer is positioned over a first insulating layer. A semiconductor layer is positioned between the first insulating layer and the second insulating layer. A third insulating layer is positioned over the second insulating layer. A fourth insulating layer is positioned over the third insulating layer. A first conductive layer includes a region overlapping with the semiconductor layer, and is positioned between the third insulating layer and the fourth insulating layer. The third insulating layer includes a region in contact with a bottom surface of the first conductive layer and a region in contact with the fourth insulating layer. The fourth insulating layer is in contact with atop surface and a side surface of the first conductive layer. A fifth insulating layer is in contact with a top surface and a side surface of the semiconductor layer. The fifth insulating layer includes a first opening and a second opening in a region overlapping with the semiconductor layer and not overlapping with the first conductive layer. A second conductive layer and a third conductive layer are electrically connected to the semiconductor layer in the first opening and the second opening, respectively. The third to fifth insulating layers include metal, and oxygen or nitrogen. A sixth insulating layer includes a region in contact with a top surface and a side surface of the fifth insulating layer and a region in contact with the first insulating layer.

An optical system capable of routing primary and secondary high power lasers through a blocking switch is described.

The present disclosure provides a display substrate, a display panel and a display apparatus. An exemplary display substrate includes a first circuitry element and a second circuitry element in proximity to the first circuitry element, and an electrostatic releasing element, electrically insulated from each of the first and second circuitry elements, and located adjacent to each of the first and second circuitry elements, whereby allowing discharge of electrostatic charges to the electrostatic releasing element from at least one of the first and second circuitry elements, so as to prevent direct electrostatic discharge between the first circuitry element and the second circuitry element.

The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a quantum dot polarization plate. The method for manufacturing a quantum dot polarization plate according to the present invention forms a quantum dot layer and a polarization layer separately on different bases to respectively make a quantum dot film and a polarization film and then bonds the quantum dot film and the polarization film together to form a quantum dot polarization plate. The quantum dot polarization plate is not made through successive formations of films on the same base so that the quantum dot layer of the quantum dot polarization plate can be manufactured through a high-temperature process or a low-temperature process, thereby expanding the range of material section and manufacture for quantum dots. The quantum dot polarization plate manufactured with such process helps increase color gamut coverage of the display panel, but does not cause elimination of light polarization.

A manufacturing method of an array substrate is provided in this invention, a protective layer for the channel is formed by magnetron sputtering and thermal annealing treatment with the oxygen concentration greater than 21%, at a temperature of 300˜400° C. and the material of the protection layer includes Al.sub.2O.sub.3. The present invention further includes an array substrate and a liquid crystal display panel with the array substrate. The present invention prevents the impurity such as hydrogen atom into the channel, and the quality of the protective layer prepared by the present invention is higher to ensure the electrical properties of the channel and process easy to be achieve and conducive to industrialization.

A liquid crystal lens including a first substrate, a first electrode disposed on the first substrate, a second electrode disposed on the first substrate, a first conductive pattern disposed on the first substrate, a second conductive pattern disposed on the first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate is provided. The first conductive pattern and the second conductive pattern are electrically connected between the first electrode and the second electrode. A resistivity of the first conductive pattern and a resistivity of the second conductive pattern are greater than a resistivity of the first electrode and a resistivity of the second electrode. At least a portion of the at least one second conductive pattern is disposed into the at least one first conductive pattern.

A backlight unit including: a light source; and a photoconversion layer disposed separately from the light source to convert a wavelength of incident light from the light source and thereby provide converted light, wherein the photoconversion layer includes a polymer matrix and a plurality of anisotropic semiconductor nanocrystals disposed in the polymer matrix, and wherein the polymer matrix includes a polymer having a repeating unit represented by Chemical Formula 1:

##STR00001## wherein R.sup.1 is hydrogen or a methyl group, each R.sup.2 is independently hydrogen or a C1 to C3 alkyl group, and R.sup.3 is a C2 to C5 alkyl group, wherein the polymer exhibits elasticity at a temperature between a glass transition temperature of the polymer and about 100° C., and wherein the plurality of anisotropic semiconductor nanocrystals are aligned along a long axis thereof for the photoconversion layer to emit polarized light.

A display device including: a display panel which displays an image with light, including: a substrate including: first and second light blocking areas extending in first and second directions, respectively, and a pixel area at which the image is displayed, defined by the first and second light blocking areas which intersect each other; a first shielding line and a data line spaced apart from each other on the substrate at the first light blocking area; a gate line at the second light blocking area to intersect the data line; and a thin film transistor connected to the data and gate lines. The shielding line includes a protrusion protruding toward the data line, the protrusion being overlapped by the thin film transistor. The shielding line is in a same layer of the display panel as the data line among layers disposed on the substrate of the display panel.