An integrated circuit device includes a plurality of memory cells each including a channel region, a first sub-word line, a second sub-word line, and a storage element. A word line driving circuit is configured to drive the first and sub-word lines. The word line driving circuit includes a PMOS transistor, an NMOS transistor, a keeping NMOS transistor, and a first keeping PMOS transistor. A negative voltage is applied to a source of the NMOS transistor, the negative voltage is applied to a source of the keeping NMOS transistor, the first sub-word line is connected to a source of the first keeping PMOS transistor, the second sub-word line is connected to a drain of the first keeping PMOS transistor, and a negative voltage is applied to a gate of the first keeping PMOS transistor.

Numerous embodiments are disclosed of improved architectures for storing and retrieving system data in a non-volatile memory system. Using these embodiments, system data is much less likely to become corrupted due to charge loss, charge redistribution, disturb effects, and other phenomena that have caused corruption in prior art non-volatile memory systems.

An integrated circuit device includes a plurality of memory cells each including a channel region, a first sub-word line, a second sub-word line, and a storage element. A word line driving circuit is configured to drive the first and sub-word lines. The word line driving circuit includes a PMOS transistor, an NMOS transistor, a keeping NMOS transistor, and a first keeping PMOS transistor. A negative voltage is applied to a source of the NMOS transistor, the negative voltage is applied to a source of the keeping NMOS transistor, the first sub-word line is connected to a source of the first keeping PMOS transistor, the second sub-word line is connected to a drain of the first keeping PMOS transistor, and a negative voltage is applied to a gate of the first keeping PMOS transistor.

An apparatus may include a first inverter and a second inverter cross-coupled between a first node and a second node to store a signal state represented by complementary voltages at the first node and the second node. The apparatus may further include a first path defined by the second inverter that includes an impedance element to resist a flow of charge suitable to change the signal state. The apparatus may further include the first inverter and a third inverter selectively cross-coupled between the first node and the second node to store a received signal state represented by the complementary voltages at the first node and the second node responsive to an assertion of a write enable signal.

The present disclosure includes storage circuits, such latches. In one embodiment, a circuit includes a plurality of latches, each latch including a first N-type transistor formed in a first P-type material, a first P-type transistor formed in a first N-type material, a second N-type transistor formed in a second P-type material, and a second P-type transistor formed in a second N-type material. The first and second N-type transistors are formed in different P-wells and the first and second P-type transistors are formed in different N-wells. In other storage circuits, charge extraction transistors are coupled to data storage nodes and are biased in a nonconductive state. These techniques make the data storage circuits more resilient, for example, to an ionizing particle striking the circuit and generating charge carriers that would otherwise change the state of the storage node.

A storage device may include a memory device and a memory controller. The memory device may include a memory block including a plurality of pages. When a sudden power off is detected in which power supplied to the memory device is abnormally interrupted during a normal program operation on one page among the plurality of pages, the memory controller may control the memory device to perform a dummy program operation on a selected page among the plurality of pages after the sudden power-off. The memory controller may control the memory device to perform the normal program operation and the dummy program operation by using an Incremental Step Pulse Program (ISPP) method. The memory controller may control the memory device to perform the dummy program operation in a smaller number of program loops as compared with the normal program operation.

A method for radiation hardening synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), where Error Detection And Correction (EDAC) is implemented on-chip. Each bank includes a plurality of interleaved single chip Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cells with bit registers configured to interface with the interleaved SRAM cells. A first column multiplexer (MUX) configured to select which bit register is accessed. A second column multiplexer is configured to select an accessed byte with the WRITE burst or a READ burst from the selected bit registers of the first column multiplexer. EDAC logic is configured to check Error Correction Code (ECC) during a READ burst and generate ECC during an WRITE burst for SRAM writeback during a PRECHARGE command.

The present disclosure includes storage circuits, such latches. In one embodiment, a circuit includes a plurality of latches, each latch including a first N-type transistor formed in a first P-type material, a first P-type transistor formed in a first N-type material, a second N-type transistor formed in a second P-type material, and a second P-type transistor formed in a second N-type material. The first and second N-type transistors are formed in different P-wells and the first and second P-type transistors are formed in different N-wells. In other storage circuits, charge extraction transistors are coupled to data storage nodes and are biased in a nonconductive state. These techniques make the data storage circuits more resilient, for example, to an ionizing particle striking the circuit and generating charge carriers that would otherwise change the state of the storage node.

A memory system includes a storage medium including a target memory region having a plurality of memory units; and a controller configured to store data into one or more target memory units, each of which is estimated to take less time to perform a write operation thereon than any of the other memory units among the plurality of memory units, when performing a memory dump operation due to a sudden power off.

A memory system and storage device are provided, including: an auxiliary power device having at least one capacitor, wherein the at least one capacitor has a first path for leakage current; a charging circuit including a switch connected to the auxiliary power device; and a state determining circuit connected to the auxiliary power device, wherein the state determining circuit includes a path circuit connected in parallel with the at least one capacitor to form a second path having at least one of a resistance lower than a resistance of the first path or a current source.