A nanoscale temperature detector including a diamond sensing probe with a transverse dimension of at least 200 nanometres and a sensing tip-having a curvature radius of less than 100 nanometres, less than 10 nanometres or less than 1 nanometre, and a plurality of colour centres, whose emission count rate show temperature-sensitive features. The diamond sensing probe has a transverse dimension of at least 200 nanometres and is connected to a to a detector system by means of a mounting structure. A thermal isolation barrier thermally decouples the sensing probe from the detector system.

A hydrogel is formed by a reaction which is induced, in an electrolytic solution, by an electrode product electrochemically generated by electrodes installed in the electrolytic solution. An apparatus including an electrolytic tank with a bottom surface on which a two-dimensional array of working electrodes is provided and a counter electrode installed in the electrolytic tank is prepared. An electrolytic solution containing a dissolved substance that causes electrolytic deposition of a hydrogel is housed in the electrolytic tank. By applying a predetermined voltage to one or more selected working electrodes of the two-dimensional array, a hydrogel with a two-dimensional pattern corresponding to the arrangement of the selected working electrodes is formed.

This system takes in raw cellular material collected using a provided swab, blood collection device, urine collection device, or other sample collection device and transforms that biological material into a digital result, identifying the presence, absence and/or quantity of nucleic acids, proteins, and/or other molecules of interest.

This system takes in raw cellular material collected using a provided swab, blood collection device, urine collection device, or other sample collection device and transforms that biological material into a digital result, identifying the presence, absence and/or quantity of nucleic acids, proteins, and/or other molecules of interest.

An electrode assembly includes a hollow outer body, a cap, a biasing assembly, an actuator, and a sensing electrode having a hollow stopper at a lower end thereof. The outer body includes a lower edge that defines a lower opening. The cap is fixedly coupled to the outer body so that the cap does not move with respect to the hollow outer body. The biasing assembly is operatively coupled to the hollow outer body and the sensing electrode, and urges the sensing electrode upward so that an outer surface of the stopper is normally in contact with the lower edge of the outer body. The actuator is configured to move relative to the outer body so that when force is applied to the actuator, the stopper separates from the lower edge of the outer body, thereby allowing an electrolytic solution to flow out of the outer body.

A testing system for conducting electrochemistry analysis of a specimen sample is provided. The testing system includes a testing receptacle device and a diagnostic device. The testing receptacle device includes a receptacle having an interior space defined therein and a lid configured to be secured on an upper end of the receptacle. The lid includes an opening extending into the receptacle and a cartridge slot for receiving a test sensor cartridge having a functionalized electrode strip with an electrode well contact point provided thereon. The diagnostic device is configured as a potentiostat or similar device and includes a docking port for receiving a lower end of the testing receptacle device. The testing system is configured for receiving a specimen sample through the opening in the receptacle lid and placing the specimen sample in contact with the electrode well contact point of the functionalized electrode strip.

A self-vibrating pH probe comprise a housing containing an electronic assembly to which is coupled a vibration source element so that at least a portion of vibrations caused by the vibration source element propagate to the electronic assembly, the vibration source element being controllable for at least on/off operation. The self-vibrating pH probe further comprising a pH probe member having a probe tip at a first end, the probe member extending from the housing and mechanically and electrically coupled by a second end to the electronic assembly so that at least a portion of vibrations propagating to the electronic assembly further propagate to the probe tip; and further including a processor coupled to the electronic assembly for coordinating operation of the vibration source element and operation of the pH probe member.

Described is a device for testing electrical and/or electrochemical properties for a 10 cubic centimeters (cc) test cell. The device is comprised of two opposing electrodes in a test cell, wherein one or both electrodes are elongated hollow cylindrical tube(s) such that the distance between the two electrodes is adjustable and measurable. Reagents including solid in powder form, liquid, and gas are optionally introduced into the test cell through the electrode(s) that are connected to a reagent container. The test cell is a transparent insulating material such as glass, quartz, plastic, or polymer; its configuration is selected from a group consisting of an open hemicylindrical channel, a sealable cylindrical tube, or a sealable box test cell. When electrical power and/or electrical measurement equipment is attached between the electrodes, electrical and electrochemical properties are measured whilst chemical reactions are observed.

According to the present invention, a wiring substrate (100) has a first terminal (112) and a second terminal (114). The second terminal (114) is electrically connected to the first terminal (112). A chip (200) has a working electrode (222) and a terminal (224). The terminal (224) is electrically connected to the working electrode (222). An electronic element (300) has a current-voltage conversion circuit (310) and a terminal (312). The terminal (312) is electrically connected to the current-voltage conversion circuit (310). The chip (200) overlaps with the wiring substrate (100). The terminal (224) of the chip (200) is electrically connected to the first terminal (112) of the wiring substrate (100). The electronic element (300) overlaps with the wiring substrate (100). The terminal (312) of the electronic element (300) is electrically connected to the second terminal (114) of the wiring substrate (100).

According to the present invention, a wiring substrate (100) has a first terminal (112) and a second terminal (114). The second terminal (114) is electrically connected to the first terminal (112). A chip (200) has a working electrode (222) and a terminal (224). The terminal (224) is electrically connected to the working electrode (222). An electronic element (300) has a current-voltage conversion circuit (310) and a terminal (312). The terminal (312) is electrically connected to the current-voltage conversion circuit (310). The chip (200) overlaps with the wiring substrate (100). The terminal (224) of the chip (200) is electrically connected to the first terminal (112) of the wiring substrate (100). The electronic element (300) overlaps with the wiring substrate (100). The terminal (312) of the electronic element (300) is electrically connected to the second terminal (114) of the wiring substrate (100).