Methods and systems for matching color and/or appearance of a surface of an object are provided. In one example, method includes determining a gloss of the surface of the object at one or more angles. The gloss is compared to a minimum gloss threshold to determine a condition of the surface of the object. If the gloss is at or exceeds the minimum gloss threshold, the surface is properly conditioned. If the gloss is less than the minimum gloss threshold, the surface is improperly conditioned. The color and/or appearance of the surface of the object is characterized if the surface is properly conditioned.

Methods and systems for matching color and/or appearance of a surface of an object are provided. In one example, method includes determining a gloss of the surface of the object at one or more angles. The gloss is compared to a minimum gloss threshold to determine a condition of the surface of the object. If the gloss is at or exceeds the minimum gloss threshold, the surface is properly conditioned. If the gloss is less than the minimum gloss threshold, the surface is improperly conditioned. The color and/or appearance of the surface of the object is characterized if the surface is properly conditioned.

The present invention relates to a concentration indicator of a metal component contained in a plating solution and a plating method using the same and, more specifically, as the concentration of a plating metal component to be plated is lowered, the color of the plating solution is changed to visually indicate a change in concentration, and thus a worker can readily manage the concentration of a metal component contained in a plating solution within a short time. In addition, whether a plating metal component should be replenished can be determined in real-time so as to enable the precision and reliance of plating work to be improved, workability is improved by continuous maintenance, and cost is reduced.

A method and system to develop the age and history of a crack by exposing a specimen or component to varying predetermined temperature range that covers the designated service temperatures and measuring the thickness of the oxide across the specimen along the thickness direction.

A surface defect inspecting device for hot-dip coated steel sheets comprising: an illuminating unit for illuminating an imaging target portion on a hot-dip coated steel sheet; a specular reflection light imaging unit for imaging specular reflection light from the imaging target portion; a diffuse reflection light imaging unit for imaging diffuse reflection light from the imaging target portion; and an image signal processing unit for processing specular reflection image and diffuse reflection image signals, the specular and diffuse reflection light imaging units simultaneously imaging light reflected from the imaging target region, the image signal processing unit extracting a portion having brightness level lower than a predetermined threshold, as a defect portion, from the specular reflection image signal, and threshold processing the diffuse reflection image signal, with respect to a portion corresponding to an extracted defect portion, to determine a defect type by classifying the extracted defect portion.

A method for examining wear of a connector contact using atom transfer radical polymerization. Metals in the connector contact are involved in atom transfer radical polymerization. In the method, polymers are formed via atom transfer radical polymerization. An average molecular weight and a polydispersity index of the polymers are determined. The exposure of underlying metal layers of the connector contact is determined based on the average molecular weight and atom transfer radical polymerization.

Disclosed is a method and device for determining the loss on ignition of at least part of an iron and steel product during passage through a furnace upstream of a descaler. The device includes electromagnetic sensors, with at least one arranged to scan the product's lower surface near the furnace outlet, the sensor oriented so the scanning plane of the electromagnetic radiation from the sensor is perpendicular to a direction of movement; a set of at least two electromagnetic sensors upstream of the descaler, oriented so their scanning planes are substantially on a single plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the at least part of the product; and at least two electromagnetic sensors downstream of the descaler, oriented so their scanning planes are substantially on a single plane perpendicular to the product's movement direction. The sensors determine the height of the product upstream and downstream of the descaler.

A surface defect inspecting device for hot-dip coated steel sheets comprising: an illuminating unit for illuminating an imaging target portion on a hot-dip coated steel sheet; a specular reflection light imaging unit for imaging specular reflection light from the imaging target portion; a diffuse reflection light imaging unit for imaging diffuse reflection light from the imaging target portion; and an image signal processing unit for processing specular reflection image and diffuse reflection image signals, the specular and diffuse reflection light imaging units simultaneously imaging light reflected from the imaging target region, the image signal processing unit extracting a portion having brightness level lower than a predetermined threshold, as a defect portion, from the specular reflection image signal, and threshold processing the diffuse reflection image signal, with respect to a portion corresponding to an extracted defect portion, to determine a defect type by classifying the extracted defect portion.

Disclosed herein are chemical sensors that include high aspect copper structures and methods for using the chemical sensor to detect the presence of chemical species. In a specific embodiment, the chemical sensor can include: a substrate; a film, where the film includes one or more copper cystine biocomposites, and where the film is at least partially disposed on one or more surfaces of the substrate; a light source, where the light source irradiates the one or more copper structures; and a detector, where the detector receives light reflected from the one or more copper cystine biocomposites, and where the detector detects a change in light polarization when the one or more copper structures contact one or more chemical species.

Disclosed herein are chemical sensors that include high aspect copper structures and methods for using the chemical sensor to detect the presence of chemical species. In a specific embodiment, the chemical sensor can include: a substrate; a film, where the film includes one or more copper cystine biocomposites, and where the film is at least partially disposed on one or more surfaces of the substrate; a light source, where the light source irradiates the one or more copper structures; and a detector, where the detector receives light reflected from the one or more copper cystine biocomposites, and where the detector detects a change in light polarization when the one or more copper structures contact one or more chemical species.