A method includes obtaining a first set of analysis values using a first analysis method, obtaining a second set of analysis values using the first analysis method, a first set of arc-tangents calculation step of obtaining a set of arc-tangents .sub.1n, performing a principal component analysis of the set of arc-tangents .sub.1n to obtain a principal component score comp.1, obtaining a third set of analysis values using a second analysis method, obtaining a fourth set of analysis values using the second analysis method, a second set of arc-tangents calculation step of obtaining a set of arc-tangents .sub.2n, performing principal component analysis on the set of arc-tangents .sub.2n to obtain a principal component score comp.2, and a classification step of classifying the sample of material based on the principal component score comp.1 and the principal component score comp.2.

A SAP evaluation apparatus includes: a main body installed with a lifting bar that is raised or lowered; a container portion installed under the lifting bar in the main body and having an internal containing space for containing an absorber; an operating portion connected to the lifting bar and having a lifting plate that is raised or lowered within the containing space and applies pressure to the absorber and an injection portion for injecting an ink in the direction of the absorber; a dispersion measurement portion for measuring the dispersion of the ink through the absorber; and a controller installed at the main body to measure absorption of the ink into the absorber and measure swelling capacity of the absorber while the ink is injected into the absorber.

A SAP evaluation apparatus includes: a main body installed with a lifting bar that is raised or lowered; a container portion installed under the lifting bar in the main body and having an internal containing space for containing an absorber; an operating portion connected to the lifting bar and having a lifting plate that is raised or lowered within the containing space and applies pressure to the absorber and an injection portion for injecting an ink in the direction of the absorber; a dispersion measurement portion for measuring the dispersion of the ink through the absorber; and a controller installed at the main body to measure absorption of the ink into the absorber and measure swelling capacity of the absorber while the ink is injected into the absorber.

Disclosed herein is a computer-implemented color matching method using a paint adjustment algorithm running on a processor and a database which includes specific optical data of individual color components Further disclosed herein is a respective system.

Disclosed herein is a computer-implemented color matching method using a paint adjustment algorithm running on a processor and a database which includes specific optical data of individual color components Further disclosed herein is a respective system.

A method and kit for detecting the presence of lead in a solid sample is disclosed. The solid sample is brought into contact with a nonaqueous solution of a dithiocarbamate capable of forming a gel upon contact with lead, with the formation of a gel showing that lead is present in the solid sample.

A method that includes obtaining, using a processor, reflectance data from a target coating and calculating, using the processor, electrostatics data from the reflectance data. The method also includes generating, using the processor, a coating formulation that is the same or substantially similar in appearance to the target coating.

A method that includes obtaining, using a processor, reflectance data from a target coating and calculating, using the processor, electrostatics data from the reflectance data. The method also includes generating, using the processor, a coating formulation that is the same or substantially similar in appearance to the target coating.

A method for determining the thickness of a plurality of coating layers. The method comprises the steps of performing a calibration analysis on calibration data to determine initial values and search limits of optical parameters of the plurality of coating layers, irradiating the plurality of layers with a pulse of THz radiation in the range from 0.01 THz to 10 THz, detecting the reflected radiation to produce a sample response derived from the reflected radiation, producing a synthesized waveform using the optical parameters and predetermined initial thicknesses of the layers, varying the thicknesses and the optical parameters within the search limits to minimize the error measured between the sample response and the synthesized waveform, and outputting the thicknesses of the layers.

A method for determining the thickness of a plurality of coating layers. The method comprises the steps of performing a calibration analysis on calibration data to determine initial values and search limits of optical parameters of the plurality of coating layers, irradiating the plurality of layers with a pulse of THz radiation in the range from 0.01 THz to 10 THz, detecting the reflected radiation to produce a sample response derived from the reflected radiation, producing a synthesized waveform using the optical parameters and predetermined initial thicknesses of the layers, varying the thicknesses and the optical parameters within the search limits to minimize the error measured between the sample response and the synthesized waveform, and outputting the thicknesses of the layers.