Provided are methods of treating epilepsy. The methods include administering to an individual having epilepsy a therapeutically effective amount of a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor. Also provided are methods of identifying an anti-epileptic agent. Such methods include contacting a PDE4 polypeptide with a candidate agent in a PDE4 activity assay, where inhibition of activity of the PDE4 polypeptide by the candidate agent identifies the candidate agent as an anti-epileptic agent.

The invention relates to the field of secondary markers for microRNA activity, and in particular the invention relates to the identification of Serpine1 as a mRNA which is repressed by microRNA-134 in neuronal cells, and the use of Serpine1 mRNA or protein as a biomarker for microRNA-134 modulation, such as a biomarker for antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors of microRNA-134.

We report method of detecting a pathological body state of a patient, comprising receiving a body signal of the patient; determining a body index from said body signal; determining an activity level of said patient; determining a value range for said body index for said patient, based at least in part on said activity level; comparing said body index to said value range; and detecting a pathological state when said body index is outside said value range. We also report a medical device system configured to implement the method. We also report a non-transitory computer readable program storage unit encoded with instructions that, when executed by a computer, perform the method.

Methods involving analysis of pretreatment leukocyte expression profiles for prognostic assessment of seizure outcome following a treatment or medical procedure, such as stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy (SLAH). In one aspect, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) on whole blood leukocyte samples is taken from a patient with intractable epilepsy prior to SLAH. Differential expression (DE) analysis revealed 24 significantly dysregulated genes (≥2.0-fold change, p-value<0.05, and False Discovery Rate, FDR<0.05) useful in prognostic assessment.

The present invention provides a use of a GABA(A)R, GABA(A)R fragment, or homolog thereof or a cell expressing the GABA(A)R, GABA(A)R fragment, or homolog thereof for the prognosis, diagnosis or treatment of an autoimmune disease in a subject, methods of prognosticating, diagnosing or treating an autoimmune disease, an autoantibody binding to a GABA(A)R, GABA(A)R fragment, or homolog thereof, a method for isolating an antibody binding to a GABA(A)R, GABA(A)R fragment, or homolog thereof, and a test kit, pharmaceutical composition and medical or diagnostic device comprising a GABA(A)R, GABA(A)R fragment, or homolog thereof.

The application relates to markers for seizures and epilepsy. Polypeptide expression panels or arrays are provided, comprising one or more probes capable of binding specific polypeptides in blood plasma or blood serum of a mammalian subject. Also provided are methods for detecting seizure, methods for predicting seizure, use of sICAM-5 in the treatment of seizure, methods for assessing the effectiveness of a treatment of seizure, and diagnostic kits.

Provided is a use of the prophylaxis, amelioration or therapy of intractable epilepsy, for example, Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD).

Epileptic seizures, NES, NS, PNES or NEE are difficult to diagnose and are often difficult to distinguish from several conditions with similar presentations, and therefore, diagnosis of seizures is often a long, expensive, and unreliable process. This invention provides biomarkers for identifying and monitoring seizures and epilepsy, ES, NES, NS, PNES or NEE assays for measuring and assessing biomarker concentration, predictive models based on biomarkers and computational systems for diagnosing, monitoring and predicting therapeutic efficacy associated with seizures and epilepsy, ES, NES, NS, PNES or NEE in all clinical and healthcare settings. Diagnostic and treatment methods, systems, kits, and predictive models provided herein, provide quantitative and/or qualitative assessment in order to allow patients to proceed immediately to diagnostic and/or treatment protocols, and assess therapeutic treatment effectiveness.

The present invention relates to devices and methods of use thereof for detection of biomolecules, in vitro, in vivo, or in situ. The invention relates to methods of diagnosing and/or treating a subject as having or being at risk of developing a disease or condition that is associated with abnormal levels of one or more biomolecules including, but not limited to, inter alia, epilepsy, diseases of the basal ganglia, athetoid, dystonic diseases, neoplasms, Parkinson's disease, brain injuries, spinal cord injuries, and cancer. The invention also provides methods of differentiating white matter from gray matter. In some embodiments, regions of the brain to be resected or targeted for pharmaceutical therapy are identified using sensors. The invention further provides methods of measuring the neurotoxicity of a material by comparing microvoltammograms of a neural tissue in the presence and absence of the material using the inventive sensors.

A diagnostically useful carrier includes a peptide including the amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO: 3, SEQ ID NO: 4 or a variant thereof. A kit, a composition, a detection method, use for detecting a neurological disease, a human autoantibody specifically binding to Drebrin and a therapeutic compound or combination for use in the treatment of a neurological use are also useful.