Provided herein are methods for identifying and treating BAV disease and/or aortopathy in a subject, and methods of improving outcome in a subject. The subject may be asymptomatic of BAV disease and/or aortopathy, experiencing symptoms of BAV disease and/or aortopathy, have BAV disease and/or aortopathy, or be a blood relative of an individual having BAV disease and/or aortopathy. Levels of sRAGE in the subject's biological sample are determined, compared to a control biological sample, and used as an indicator for the presence and severity of BAV disease and/or aortopathies, a tool to screen family members, and an indicator of the proper surgical or treatment regimens.

A panel of metabolic biomarkers for differential diagnosis of stable angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome is published herein. The panel comprises one or more of the metabolic biomarkers, including malic acid, taurine, arachidonic acid, citramalic acid, methionine, pentadecanoic acid. Single use of the 6 differential metabolites provided clinically diagnostic value of SA vs. ACS with AUC>0.7. When combined, the more metabolites, the larger of AUC. The highest AUC of 0.987 was obtained when all of the six metabolites were combined to distinguish SA vs. ACS with sensitivity 96.8% and specificity 97.7% using optimal cut-off value. The metabolic biomarkers provided by the invention can be used for differential diagnosis of SA vs. ACS of high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.

Applications of a serum S100A8/A9 complex level in the prognosis assessment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are disclosed. The prognosis assessment refers to predicting short-term and long-term prognosis of an AMI patient undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and determining whether the patient falls into a high-risk group of postoperative adverse events (AEs) or a low-risk group of the postoperative AEs. The AEs include but are not limited to death, cardiogenic shock (CS), and acute heart failure (AHF). The S100A8/A9 complex is a heterodimer complex formed by S100A8 protein (Calgranulin A, MRP8) and S100A9 protein (Calgranulin B, MRP14) in a calcium ion-dependent manner. The S100A8/A9 complex refers to the S100A8/A9 complex in serum of the patient within 24 h after the PCI. An antibody pair for detecting the serum S100A8/A9 complex is also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a disease-specific metabolite profile, and particularly to a biomarker composition obtained by screening from urine-specific metabolite profiles of coronary heart disease subjects. The present invention also relates to a use of the biomarker compositions in risk assessment, diagnosis, early diagnosis, or pathological staging of coronary heart disease, and to a method for risk assessment, diagnosis, early diagnosis, or pathological staging of coronary heart disease. The biomarker composition as provided by the present invention can be used for early diagnosis of coronary heart disease and has high sensitivity, good specificity and good application prospects.

Disclosed is an isolated binding protein including a cardiac troponin I (cTnI) antigen binding domain, and preparation and a use and the like of the binding protein. The antigen binding domain includes at least one complementarity determining region selected from an amino acid sequence defined in this article, or has at least 80% sequence identity with the complementarity determining region of the amino acid sequence and has KD≤9.96×10.sup.−8 mon affinity with cTnI. The binding protein may be used in the detection field of the cTnI protein.

Disclosed is an isolated binding protein including a cardiac troponin I (cTnI) antigen binding domain, and preparation and a use and the like of the binding protein. The antigen binding domain includes at least one complementarity determining region selected from an amino acid sequence defined in this article, or has at least 80% sequence identity with the complementarity determining region of the amino acid sequence and has KD≤7.51×10.sup.−8 mol/L affinity with cTnI. The binding protein may be used in the detection field of the cTnI.

Disclosed is a method of determining onset risk of cardiovascular disease in a subject, the method comprising: capturing, on a solid phase, an extracellular vesicle derived from a blood sample collected from the subject; and measuring alkaline phosphatase activity of the extracellular vesicle, a measured result of the alkaline phosphatase activity being directed for use as an index of the onset risk of cardiovascular disease in the subject.

The present invention relates to a disease-specific metabolite profile, and particularly to a biomarker composition obtained by screening from blood plasma-specific profiles of coronary heart disease subjects. The present invention also relates to a use of the biomarker compositions in risk assessment, diagnosis, early diagnosis, or pathological staging of coronary heart disease, and to a method for risk assessment, diagnosis, early diagnosis, or pathological staging of coronary heart disease. The biomarker composition as provided by the present invention can be used for early diagnosis of coronary heart disease and has high sensitivity, good specificity and good application prospects.

Disclosed are a kit for testing myocardial infarction rapidly and a preparation method and use thereof. The kit comprises a strip capable of detecting three markers, namely, human myeloperoxidase (MPO), heart-fatty acid binding protein (FABP3) and cardiac troponin I(cTnI) simultaneously. The strip comprises a sample pad, a conjugate pad, a chromatographic membrane coated with three test lines and a quality control line, and a sample absorption pad. Antibodies of the three markers are all marked on the conjugate pad. The chromatographic membrane has three test lines formed by coating paired antibodies of the three markers respectively, the paired antibodies of the three markers being able to specifically combine with the three markers, respectively. The kit has advantages such as convenient operation, rapid response, high sensitivity and high specificity, point of care test, and economical and practical etc.

The present invention relates to a method for measuring Troponin I in a sample comprising the steps of providing a sample, contacting the sample with a monoclonal anti-Troponin I antibody coupled to a magnetic label, contacting the sample with a polyclonal anti-Troponin I antibody coupled to a sensor surface and detecting the magnetic label on the sensor surface. The invention further relates to a device and a cartridge for measuring Troponin I in a sample.