This present technology relates to the use of inflammation-enabling polypeptides (or their coding sequences) to screen for agents useful for the prevention, treatment and/or alleviations of symptoms associated with an inflammatory disorder, to identify individuals susceptible of developing an exacerbated inflammatory response as well as to determine if a therapeutic regimen is capable of preventing, treating or alleviating the symptoms associated to an inflammatory disorder in an individual. The present technology also provides methods for preventing, treating and/or alleviating the symptoms associated to an inflammatory condition based on the inhibition of expression or activity of the inflammation-enabling targets.

Diagnostic screening tests that can be used to identify if a patient is a good candidates for an implantable vagus nerve stimulation device. One or more analyte, such as a cytokine or inflammatory molecule, can be measured from a blood sample taken prior to implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator to determine the patient's responsiveness to VNS for treatment of an inflammatory disorder.

Disclosed is CD31.sup.shed for use as a molecular imaging target in the molecular imaging of an inflammatory condition. Administering the radiolabeled peptide P8RI as CD31.sup.shed ligand in different rat models of inflammation indeed showed that CD31.sup.shed is present on activated cells in a quantity allowing a detectable signal, whereas the noise signal corresponding to CD31.sup.shed present on activated circulating cells and on other organs or cells not involved in inflammation was little. Also disclosed is a labeled CD31.sup.shed ligand and the use thereof as a molecular imaging agent in the molecular imaging of an inflammatory condition. The molecular imaging of inflammatory sites particularly allows determining whether a subject suffers from or is at risk of having an inflammatory condition or is at risk of recurrence of an inflammatory condition after an anti-inflammatory treatment.

This invention concerns compositions and methods of treating or diagnosing inflammatory disorders and other disorders, as well as compositions and methods of treating HIV.

The present invention includes methods for selecting a therapy for improved cognition as well as prevention of cognitive loss/dysfunction using one or more endophenotypes comprising: obtaining a sample from a subject; measuring biomarkers that differentiate between an inflammatory, a metabolic, a neurotrophic, and a depressive endophenotype; and selecting a course of treatment for the subject based on whether the subject is scored as having a high or a low endophenotype for one or more of the inflammatory, a metabolic, a neurotrophic, and a depressive endophenotypes.

The present invention relates to a distinct B cell subset, B10 cells, that regulate T cell mediated inflammatory responses through the secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10). The invention also relates to the use of B10 cells in the manipulation of immune and inflammatory responses, and in the treatment of disease. Therapeutic approaches involving adoptive transfer of B10 cells, or expansion of their endogenous levels for controlling autoimmune or inflammatory diseases and conditions are described. Ablation of B10 cells, or inhibition of their IL-10 production can be used to upregulate immunodeficient conditions, ameliorate infectious diseases and/or to treat tumors/cancer. Diagnostic applications are also encompassed.

A method of treating an inflammatory condition with a hydroxytyrosol-rich composition. Improvement is monitored as a reduction in the levels of a biochemical marker such as homocysteine or C-reactive protein. The composition may be administered in an amount and for a period sufficient to effect a drop in the level of the biochemical marker.

The present invention relates to a method for detecting inflammation-related platelet activation, comprising measuring the quantity, concentration and/or the proportion of seven specific biomarkers representative of 47 intra-platelet, soluble and membrane molecules, in a biological sample. Said panel of seven biomarkers is particularly useful for implementing a method of diagnosing inflammation-related platelet activation in an individual, a method for monitoring the efficacy of a curative or preventive treatment of an inflammatory disease in an individual and/or a method for monitoring the development of an inflammatory disease associated with inflammation-related platelet activation in an individual.

The present invention also relates to a kit for detecting inflammation-related platelet activation, as well as the use thereof.

The present disclosure relates to the identification and use of biomarkers (e.g., analytes, analyte profiles, or markers (e.g., gene expression and/or protein expression profiles)) with clinical relevance to cytokine release syndrome (CRS).

A soluble N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) protein construct includes one or more NMDAR autoantibody epitopes. The construct includes an extracellular domain (ECD) of the NMDAR subunit GluN1 or a fragment of the subunit and an ECD of at least one of the NMDAR subunits GluN2A, GluN2B, GluN2C or GluN2D, or fragment of these subunits. An in vitro method for the detection of NMDAR autoantibodies in a sample includes providing a sample suspected of including NMDAR autoantibodies, providing the NMDAR protein construct as a capture molecule, contacting the sample with the NMDAR protein construct, thereby binding NMDAR autoantibodies from the sample to the NMDAR protein construct, and determining the presence and optionally the amount of bound NMDAR autoantibodies. The method is applied for the diagnosis, prognosis, disease monitoring, patient stratification and/or therapy monitoring of a medical condition associated with autoantibodies against the NMDAR, preferably anti-NMDAR encephalitis.