An offset data acquisition method and device of a fluxgate magnetometer are provided by the present disclosure, wherein the offset data acquisition method of the fluxgate magnetometer comprises: controlling the first analog switch, the second analog switch and the third analog switch to change directions within a preset period to obtain eight switch direction combinations between the first analog switch, the second analog switch and the third analog switch; acquiring magnetic field measurement data corresponding to an each of the switch direction combinations; and the magnetic field measurement data comprises x-axis magnetic field measurement data, y-axis magnetic field measurement data and z-axis magnetic field measurement data; and acquiring the offset data based on influence factors of an offset and the magnetic field measurement data within the preset period.

A chip-type three-dimensional magnetic field sensor includes a light source (1), an input straight waveguide (2), a polarization beam splitting waveguide (3), a 1:1 power beam splitter (4), three 1:2 type Y waveguides, three 2:1 type Y waveguides, three output straight waveguides, three magneto-optical waveguides and three photodetectors. The light source (1) outputs broad-spectrum depolarized light into the input straight waveguide (2), and then the light is divided into TE (transverse electric) polarized light and TM (transverse magnetic) polarized light. The TE polarized light is divided into two beams of TE polarized branch light. The TM polarized light is divided into two beams of TM polarized branch light. One of the two beams of TM polarized branch light is divided into two beams of first TM polarized sub-branch light. Another of the two beams of TM polarized branch light is divided into two beams of second TM polarized sub-branch light.

An electromagnetic tracking system includes a magnetic transmitter configured to output magnetic fields, a receiver responsive to the magnetic fields, an electronics assembly having conductive elements that cause distortion to the magnetic fields, and an output mechanism configured to output a position of the receiver relative to the magnetic transmitter, wherein the magnetic transmitter has at least one winding disposed around a hollow ferromagnetic core comprised of conductive material through which current is made to flow by the electronics, wherein the electronics assembly is at least partially contained within the hollow portion of the hollow ferromagnetic core. Methods of manufacturing include shaping walls into a hollow shell to surround an electronics assembly, covering the hollow shell with ferromagnetic material, inserting the wrapped hollow shell into a plastic bobbin, and winding the plastic bobbin with coil wire to produce three orthogonal windings.

A device includes a magnet and a magnetic field sensor configured to sense a magnetic field of the magnet. The magnet and the magnetic field sensor are arranged to be movable relative to each other. A relative movement between the magnet and the magnetic field sensor is based on a movement of a throttle controller of a vehicle. A power provided by a motor of the vehicle correlates to a position of the magnet relative to the magnetic field sensor as sensed by the magnetic field sensor.

A semiconductor device including a CMOS process-based Hall sensor is provided. The semiconductor device which may include a N-type sensing region which is formed on a semiconductor substrate; P-type contact regions and N-type contact regions which are alternately formed in the N-type sensing region; a plurality of first trenches which are formed in contact with the P-type contact regions and have a first width; and a plurality of second trenches which separate the P-type contact regions and the N-type contact regions and have a second width less than the first width.

An implantable medical device (IMD) includes electronic circuitry, and one or more processors configured to switch operation of a first coil of the electronic circuitry between the first and second modes. When in the first mode, the one or more processors are configured to manage operation of the electronic circuitry and the first coil to at least one of sense biological signals, deliver treatment for a non-physiologic condition, or wirelessly communicate with at least one of an external device or second implanted device. When in the second mode, the one or more processors are configured to manage operation of the electronic circuitry and the first coil to detect the time varying MR generated gradient field along the first axis.

A gain-controllable magnetoresistive analog amplifier comprises a substrate located in an X-Y plane, an output signal magnetoresistive sensor located on the substrate, and an input signal coil and a gain adjustment coil. The input signal coil and the gain adjustment coil are respectively located on two side surfaces of the output signal magnetoresistive sensor. The gain adjustment coil is used to input a gain signal by the generation of a gain magnetic field, in order to set the gain the magnetic field is applied along a magnetization direction of a free layer of the output signal magnetoresistive sensor, thereby adjusting the slope of the input resistance-magnetic field transfer curve of the output signal magnetoresistive sensor. The input signal coil is used for inputting a current signal to generate an input magnetic field, in order to apply the input magnetic field to a magnetization direction of a pinned layer of the output signal magnetoresistive sensor, thereby controlling the gain signal to adjust a gain factor of an output signal after the current signal passes through the output signal magnetoresistive sensor. This magnetoresistive analog amplifier provides isolation between input signals, output signals, and controllable gain signals.

A calibration device comprising: a plurality of magnetic sensors positioned at the calibration device, the plurality of magnetic sensors defining a space; a controller configured to be positioned in the space defined by the plurality of magnetic sensors, wherein the controller includes a magnetic transmitter; and one or more processors configured to: cause the magnetic transmitter to generate magnetic fields; receive signals from the plurality of magnetic sensors that are based on characteristics of the magnetic fields received at the plurality of magnetic sensors; calculate, based on the signals received from the plurality of magnetic sensors, positions and orientations of the plurality of magnetic sensors relative to a position and orientation of the magnetic transmitter; and determine whether the calculated positions and orientations of the plurality of magnetic sensors are within one or more threshold limits of known positions and orientations of the plurality of magnetic sensors.

Sensor assemblies are provided for use in modeling water systems. These sensor assemblies can be used as sensor fish. These assemblies can include a circuit board supporting processing circuitry components on either or both opposing component support surfaces of the circuit board and a housing above the circuit board and the components, with the housing being circular about the circuit board in at least one cross section, and wherein the supporting surfaces of the circuit board are substantially parallel with the plane of the housing in the one cross section.

Methods for emulating interaction of entities within water systems are provided. The methods can include introducing a sensor assembly into a water system. The sensor assembly can include: a circuit board supporting processing circuitry components on either or both of opposing component support surfaces of the circuit board; a housing about the circuit board and the components, the housing being circular about the circuit board in at least one cross section; and wherein the support surfaces of the circuit board are substantially parallel with the plane of the housing in the one cross section.

A magnetic sensing system includes a sensor and three magnets. The sensor is located within an appliance housing, the appliance having three moving components. The first magnet is disposed in a first orientation adjacent the first moving component, with the position of the first magnet changing in concert with movement of the first moving component. The second magnet is disposed in a second orientation adjacent the second moving component, with the position of the second magnet changing in concert with movement of the second moving component. The third magnet is disposed in a third orientation adjacent the third moving component, with the position of the third magnet changing in concert with movement of the third moving component. The sensor detects displacement of the first moving component, the second moving component, or the third moving component.