A first aspect is a toner production method in which an organosilicon compound is condensed in a surfactant-containing aqueous medium with a specific surface tension, in which a resin particle is dispersed, to produce a toner having the condensate of the organosilicon compound on the surface of the resin particle, and a second aspect is a toner production method in which an organosilicon compound is condensed in an aqueous medium which has a surfactant and a specific metal salt and in which a resin particle is dispersed, to produce a toner having the condensate of the organosilicon compound on the surface of the resin particle.

A toner comprising a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the toner has a Martens hardness, as measured at a maximum load condition of 2.010.sup.4 N, of from 200 MPa to 1,100 MPa.

A charge control agent-silicone oil composition includes a silicone oil and a charge control agent, the charge control agent being covalently linked to the silicone oil or is homogenously dispersed in the silicone oil as a dispersion. A method includes reacting an electrophilically-activated silicone oil with a charge control agent, thereby covalently linking the charge control agent to the silicone oil to provide a charge control agent-functionalized silicone oil. A bio-based toner includes a resin blend that includes a petroleum based resin and a bio-based resin, a charge control agent-silicone oil, a colorant, and a silica and/or titania additive, the toner having a bio-content of greater than about 25% by weight and does not exhibit moisture sensitivity.

A toner includes a binder resin. Particles of a metal complex or a salt of an aromatic carboxylic acid derivative having a number-average particle diameter of from 0.2 m to 1.0 m are present on the surface of the toner. A coverage of the particles of a metal complex or a salt of an aromatic carboxylic acid derivative over the surface of the toner is from 10% to 50%.

A positively chargeable toner includes toner particles each including a toner mother particle and an external additive adhering to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes first resin particles each having a surface to which a cationic surfactant adheres and second resin particles each having a surface to which an anionic surfactant adheres. Respective number average primary particle diameters of the first resin particles and the second resin particles are at least 60 nm and no greater than 100 nm. A detachment ratio of the first resin particles in a dispersion of the toner subjected to five-minute ultrasonic treatment is no greater than 20% in terms of a peak intensity percentage in a fluorescent X-ray spectrum plotted for the dispersion of the toner. A detachment ratio of the second resin particles in the dispersion is at least 30% and no greater than 60% in terms thereof.

Disclosed is a method for producing a toner comprising combining a binder resin, a wax, a negatively-chargeable charge control resin and a colorant to form the toner, prior to said combining, the negatively-chargeable charge control resin is obtained by drying treatment conducted for 2 to 24 hours under conditions of a drying temperature of 45 to 80 C. and a pressure of 0.5 to 20 kPa, wherein the negatively-chargeable charge control resin comprises a monomer unit having a functional group that imparts a negative charging property, a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer unit, and a (meth)acrylate monomer unit.

An electrostatic latent image developing toner includes toner particles. Each of the toner particles includes a toner mother particle and an external additive. The toner mother particle contains a binder resin. The external additive includes external additive particles adhering to a surface of the toner mother particle. Each of the external additive particles includes a titanium oxide particle and resin particles adhering to a surface of the titanium oxide particle.

Provided is a toner, including: a toner particle; and an organic-inorganic composite fine particle on a surface of the toner particle, in which the organic-inorganic composite fine particle includes: a resin fine particle; and an inorganic fine particle embedded in the resin fine particle, and part of which is exposed to a surface of the composite fine particle, and in which the composite fine particle satisfies the following relationships: (i) in viscoelasticity measurement of the composite fine particle, when the loss elastic modulus thereof at a temperature T ( C.) is represented by G.sub.T [dN/m.sup.2], a change ratio d(Log(G.sub.T))/dT of a common logarithm of the loss elastic modulus has a minimum in a temperature range of from 60 C. to 150 C., and the minimum is less than 0.10; and (ii) the loss elastic modulus (G.sub.180) thereof at a temperature of 180 C. is 1.010.sup.4 dN/m.sup.2 or more and 1.010.sup.7 dN/m.sup.2 or less.

An electrostatic charge image developing toner includes a toner particle, a polishing agent particle, and a fatty acid metal salt particle, wherein a rate of the fatty acid metal salt particles strongly attached to the surface of the toner particles is equal to or greater than 50% by number with respect to the fatty acid metal salt particles attached to the surface of the toner particles.

A silicone oil-treated silica particle according to the present invention includes a silica particle body and silicone oil. The silica particle body has a BET specific surface area of 70 m.sup.2/g to 120 m.sup.2/g. The silica particle body has been surface-treated with the silicone oil. The amount of free silicone oil liberated from the surface of the silica particle body in the silicone oil accounts for 2.0 mass % to 5.0 mass % with respect to the silica particle body. A surface-treated styrene acrylic resin particle, in which 2 parts by mass of the silicone oil-treated silica particle has been added to 100 parts by mass of a styrene acrylic resin particle having a particle size median of 5 m to 8 m, has a degree of agglomeration of 18% or less.