A sensor is configured to sense a parameter of an aqueous liquid. The sensor has an analog output port configured to provide an analog signal indicative of a sensed parameter, and a calibration memory device storing individual digital information indicative of a calibration of the sensor. A digital output port provides a digital signal indicative of the digital information. A treatment system and method is matched to the sensor.

Method and system for detection and quantification of oxidizable organics in water. The method involves the partial electrolytic decomposition of the oxidizable organics in a short time frame, preferably less than five seconds, and does not involve the use of toxic reagents. The system includes an electrochemical sensor probe that, in turn, includes a boron-doped diamond microelectrode array. The system additionally includes an electronic transducer and a computing device. The system utilizes an analysis technique to convert sensor signal to a result that can be correlated with COD or BOD values obtained by standard methods. The method and system are particularly suitable for, but not limited to, use in monitoring of water quality at wastewater treatment plants. By employing the method before and after adding aerobic microorganisms to the sample, the method may be used to distinguish biologically oxidizable organics from total oxidizable organics.

A sensor is configured to sense a parameter of an aqueous liquid. The sensor has an analog output port configured to provide an analog signal indicative of a sensed parameter, and a calibration memory device storing individual digital information indicative of a calibration of the sensor. A digital output port provides a digital signal indicative of the digital information. A treatment system and method is matched to the sensor.

An organic light emitting display device includes a plurality of pixels. Each of the pixels includes an organic light emitting diode, first to third transistors, a storage capacitor, and a first capacitor. The second transistor includes a gate electrode receiving a first scan signal, a first electrode receiving a data signal, and a second electrode connected to a first electrode of the first transistor. The third transistor includes a gate electrode receiving a second scan signal, a first electrode connected to a second electrode of the first transistor, and a second electrode connected to a gate electrode of the first transistor. The storage capacitor includes a first electrode receiving a power voltage and a second electrode connected to the gate electrode of the first transistor. The first capacitor includes a first electrode connected to the gate electrode of the third transistor and a second electrode receiving the power voltage.

Devices and methods that can detect and control an individual polymer in a mixture is acted upon by another compound, for example, an enzyme, in a nanopore are provided. The devices and methods also determine (˜>50 Hz) the nucleotide base sequence of a polynucleotide under feedback control or using signals generated by the interactions between the polynucleotide and the nanopore. The invention is of particular use in the fields of molecular biology, structural biology, cell biology, molecular switches, molecular circuits, and molecular computational devices, and the manufacture thereof.

A sensor for detecting lead in an aqueous solution includes a copper working electrode, a counter electrode, a power supply for applying underpotential deposition of lead onto the copper electrode from the aqueous solution, a measuring device for providing measurement of a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) current on the Pb.sub.upd-modified electrode, and a means for correlating the degree of suppression of the HER current to Pb.sub.upd coverage to determine the lead coverage and lead concentration of the solution.

An electrochemical sensor system comprises an electrochemical sensor and a hydrogel composition. The electrochemical sensor has at least a counter electrode and a working electrode. The hydrogel composition contacts the working electrode. The hydrogel composition comprises a first monomer, a second monomer, a cross-linking agent, and a solvent. The first monomer has hydrophilic characteristics. The second monomer has hydrophobic characteristics. The ratio of the first monomer to the second monomer is from about 0.1:99.9 to about 99.9:0.1.

A multi-functional water quality sensor assembly includes an electrically non-conductive substrate carrying electrically conductive traces that comprise one or more electrodes configured to sense at least one of oxidation reduction potential (ORP) or acidity (pH) of water. The electrodes are configured to be operated according to a dynamic mode, which includes establishing constant potentials or constant currents between the electrodes and documenting potentials between the electrodes as a measure of ORP and/or pH, and/or determining a differential in the potentials between first and second times as a measure of pH of the water, wherein the dynamic mode may be carried out without use of a silver chloride reference electrode.

Disclosed is a biological measurement device. The biological measurement device includes a first plate including a first transmission window; an electrode structure disposed on the first plate and spaced apart from the first window; a chamber plate disposed over the electrode structure and the first plate, the chamber plate including for exposing a portion of the electrode structure and the first transmission window; a second plate disposed over the chamber plate, the second plate including a second transmission window facing the first transmission window; a light emitting unit positioned either over the second transmission window and emitting light toward the second transmission window; and a light receiving unit disposed under the first transmission window and being configured to receive the light which the light emitting unit supplies to pass through the blood sample.

A property of a downhole fluid, for example, a chemical species or ion concentration, may be accurately determined and logged based on measurements received from an optical detector where the optical detector is fed information or signals from an optical system coupled to one or more electrochemical probes calibrated for one or more properties of a fluid. The one or more electrochemical probes provide a potential to the optical system based, at least in part, on exposure to the downhole fluid. The optical system receives an optical signal from a light source that is transmitted via a transmission line, such as a fiber optic cable. Downhole information from the optical system is transmitted to the surface via the same or another transmission line. Thus, the signals are in the optical domain rather than the electrical domain. Multiple properties may be measured simultaneously using the same transmission line.