The present invention relates to a lubricant containing molybdenum sulfide particles, and the molybdenum sulfide particles contain molybdenum disulfide having a 3R crystal structure. The present invention relates to a lubricating composition containing molybdenum sulfide particles, which are the lubricant, and a base oil which is a mineral oil, a synthetic oil, or a partially synthetic oil.

A fixture has a body that connects to a motor, the body having a bore. The body has a piston in the bore, separating the bore into a pressure chamber and a lubricant chamber in fluid communication with lubricant in the motor. A technician applies pressure to the pressure chamber, which causes the piston to increase pressure of the lubricant in the lubricant chamber and in the motor. The technician monitors a distance of movement of the piston, indicating a presence of residual air in the lubricant. If the movement meets a amount, the technician applies a vacuum to the lubricant chamber and bleeds out residual air from the lubricant in the motor.

Systems and methods are provided for determining an exposure temperature in an engine. One or more particles filtered from lubrication fluid of an engine may be analyzed. The chemical composition of filtered particles may be compared to reference data which includes a relationship between chemical composition and exposure temperature. An estimate of the exposure temperature may be determined. An output may be generated based on the exposure temperature.

A gearbox includes a housing including a lubricant reservoir, at least one gear system arranged in the housing, at least one lubricant delivery passage operable to direct a flow of lubricant from a lubricant reservoir onto the at least one gear system, at least one lubricant return passage operable to guide the flow of lubricant to the lubricant reservoir, and a lubricant-out sensor fluidically connected to the at least one lubricant return passage. The lubricant-out sensor is operable to detect a non-pressure based parameter of the lubricant.

A method for utilizing a lubricating oil composition in which the content of a metal-based cleaning agent (X) having a base value of 100 mgKOH/g or less is 630 mass ppm or less in terms of metal atoms, and the content of sulfated ash is 1.5 mass % or less. The method includes measuring at least one physical property value among the capacitance and the dielectric constant of the lubricating oil composition while using the lubricating oil composition, and evaluating the progress of degradation of the lubricating oil composition.

A sensor relating to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an attracting portion arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, where the attracting portion attracts conductive particles smaller than a gap between the first electrode and the second electrode to cause a change in electrical resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a short circuit preventing portion for preventing a large-diameter conductive piece from causing a short circuit between the first electrode and the second electrode, where the large-diameter conductive piece has a larger dimension than the gap between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Systems and apparatuses relate to a system comprising a controller comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: determining a concentration of a plurality of wear metal particles in a lubricant for an engine system; determining a confidence parameter regarding the concentration determination; determining a filtered concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles using a baseline concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles; setting a diagnostic threshold for the plurality of wear metal particles based on the confidence parameter; and, responsive to determining that the diagnostic threshold is exceeded, providing a notification.

Provided is a sensor that can appropriately sense the amount of abrasion powder (conductive substance) in a mechanical device of any size, and thereby to provide a sensor that can be generally used for preventive maintenance of any mechanical parts. The sensor includes a first electrode and a second electrode. A voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode to accumulate conductive substance between the first and second electrodes in order to sense a decrease in electric resistance between the first and second electrodes. The distance between the first electrode and the second electrode is adjustable.

A controller includes at least one processor coupled to a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: perform operations comprising: determining a concentration of a plurality of wear metal particles in a lubricant for an engine system; determining a filtered concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles using a baseline concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles; setting a diagnostic threshold based on the filtered concentration of the wear metal particles; and, responsive to determining that the concentration of the wear metal particles exceeds the diagnostic threshold, providing a notification.

A fixture has a body that connects to a motor, the body having a bore. The body has a piston in the bore, separating the bore into a pressure chamber and a lubricant chamber in fluid communication with lubricant in the motor. A technician applies pressure to the pressure chamber, which causes the piston to increase pressure of the lubricant in the lubricant chamber and in the motor. The technician monitors a distance of movement of the piston, indicating a presence of residual air in the lubricant. If the movement meets a amount, the technician applies a vacuum to the lubricant chamber and bleeds out residual air from the lubricant in the motor.