Methods and devices for sampling, processing and identifying use of a substance or substances of abuse are provided. Systems and kits for sampling, processing and identifying acute use of a substance of abuse is also provided.

Embodiments of various aspects described herein are directed to assays and devices for detecting a target molecule in a sample. In particular, there is described a lateral assay comprising a plurality of serially oriented capture zones, where each capture zone independently comprises an immobilized competitive molecule on a lateral flow matrix. The immobilized competitive molecule and the analyte competitively bind with a capture agent capable of binding the analyte.

A method for determining in a sample, by mass spectrometry, the amount of one or more analytes selected from the group consisting of 12,13-DiHOME, 3-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), 3-hydroxyoctanoate, 3-methylglutarylcarnitine, 3-ureidopropionate, 7-alpha-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (7-Hoca), citrate, fucose, fumarate, gamma-tocopherol, glutamate, glutarate, glycerol, glycochenodeoxycholate, glycocholate, hypoxanthine, maleate, malonate, mannose, orotate, 2,3-pyrdinedicarboxylate, ribose, serine, taurine, taurochenodeoxycholate, taurocholate, palmitoleate, linolenate, xanthine, xylitol, and combinations thereof is described. The method comprises subjecting the sample to an ionization source under conditions suitable to produce one or more ions detectable by mass spectrometry from each of the one or more analytes; measuring, by mass spectrometry, the amount of the one or more ions from each of the one or more analytes; and using the measured amount to determine the amount of each of the one or more analytes in the sample.

Disclosed herein are mass spectrometry sample substrates. Also disclosed herein are mass spectrometry sample strips and cartridges that include a solid phase extraction (SPE) element. The mass spectrometry sample substrates, sample strips, and cartridges can be used in paper spray mass spectrometry to detect and quantify one or more analytes present in a biological sample. Also disclosed are methods for collecting and concentrating one or more analytes from a biological sample, as well as for storing a biological sample that includes one or more analytes. Methods for analyzing the one or more analytes from the biological sample are also provided.

Disclosed herein are mass spectrometry sample substrates. Also disclosed herein are mass spectrometry sample strips and cartridges that include a solid phase extraction (SPE) element. The mass spectrometry sample substrates, sample strips, and cartridges can be used in paper spray mass spectrometry to detect and quantify one or more analytes present in a biological sample. Also disclosed are methods for collecting and concentrating one or more analytes from a biological sample, as well as for storing a biological sample that includes one or more analytes. Methods for analyzing the one or more analytes from the biological sample are also provided.

A sequencing method, system and kit of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) oligosaccharides are provided. The sequencing method includes: a sample preparation step: isolating or preparing a group of LMWH oligosaccharide mixture samples; a sample treatment step: performing complete enzymatic digestion and nitrous acid degradation on the LMWH oligosaccharide mixture samples to obtain an enzymatically digested eight-common-heparin-disaccharide array, a 3-O-sulfate group array, a 1,6-anhydro structure array, a nitrous acid degradation array, respectively; a data processing step: obtaining a disaccharide isomeric unit array according to the enzymatically digested eight-common-heparin-disaccharide array and the nitrous acid degradation array; a sequence database building step: building a sequence database according to the degree of polymerization of the oligosaccharide mixture, the disaccharide isomeric unit array, the 3-O-sulfate group array, and the 1,6-anhydro structure array; and a specific result output step: screening the sequence database according to input qualification information and then outputting a specific result file.

A sequencing method, system and kit of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) oligosaccharides are provided. The sequencing method includes: a sample preparation step: isolating or preparing a group of LMWH oligosaccharide mixture samples; a sample treatment step: performing complete enzymatic digestion and nitrous acid degradation on the LMWH oligosaccharide mixture samples to obtain an enzymatically digested eight-common-heparin-disaccharide array, a 3-O-sulfate group array, a 1,6-anhydro structure array, a nitrous acid degradation array, respectively; a data processing step: obtaining a disaccharide isomeric unit array according to the enzymatically digested eight-common-heparin-disaccharide array and the nitrous acid degradation array; a sequence database building step: building a sequence database according to the degree of polymerization of the oligosaccharide mixture, the disaccharide isomeric unit array, the 3-O-sulfate group array, and the 1,6-anhydro structure array; and a specific result output step: screening the sequence database according to input qualification information and then outputting a specific result file.

The present invention discloses an application of a β3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) as a marker for detecting a plurality of diseases, and an application of anti-human ADRB3 monoclonal antibody in diagnosing a disease and preparing a drug for treating the disease. The present invention finds through research that the ADRB3 is a key receptor in nerve-endocrine-immunoregulatory network, and an ADRB3-mediated signaling pathway regulates proliferation and differentiation of neutrophils, lymphocytes and tumor cells. Under normal circumstances, the ADRB3 maintains the non-specific immunocompetence and specific immunocompetence of an organism, and eliminates pathogenic microorganisms and aged organism tissues to play a role in protecting the organism and anti-aging. Under pathological conditions, excessive activation of the signaling pathway will cause systemic chronic inflammation, and destroy immune homeostasis. Therefore, the ADRB3 can be used as a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for a plurality of diseases. Anti-human ADRB3 antibody can specifically bond with the ADRB3, regulate the activity of the ADRB3, has the functions of resisting cancer, inflammation, poisoning, shock, allergy, viral infection, autoimmune disease, disease caused by regenerative dysfunction, autoimmune disease, cachexia, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease and aging, regulating autophagy, treating aging disease, etc., and has important medical value and research and application prospects.

A portable detection kit for identifying the presence of narcotic compounds (NCs) includes at least one chemical dye, a catalytic reagent, at least one solvent, and a least one surfactant. The at least one dry chemical dye is configured to undergo physic-chemical interaction with at least one predetermined NC to produce a color visible change. The at least one predetermined NC is selected from the group consisting of fentanyl analogues (FAs) and narcotics containing nitrogen heterocyclic moiety.

Systems and methods for detecting Δ.sup.9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ.sup.9-THC) are described. In many embodiments, the detection of Δ.sup.9-THC can be achieved by oxidizing Δ.sup.9-THC to corresponding oxidized products. The oxidation of Δ.sup.9-THC can be achieved chemically or electrochemically. The oxidized products of Δ.sup.9-THC can exhibit different photophysical and electrochemical properties compared to Δ.sup.9-THC. Many embodiments implement integrating Δ.sup.9-THC detection into a multimodal marijuana breathalyzer device.