One embodiment is directed to a system comprising a head-mounted member removably coupleable to the user's head; one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to emit light with at least two different wavelengths toward at least one of the eyes of the user; one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to receive light reflected after encountering at least one blood vessel of the eye; and a controller operatively coupled to the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters and detectors and configured to cause the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters to emit pulses of light while also causing the one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors to detect levels of light absorption related to the emitted pulses of light, and to produce an output that is proportional to an oxygen saturation level in the blood vessel.

An apparatus, and corresponding method, for determining a refractive property of an eye includes a housing with a port configured to receive an eye and also light from the eye. A tunable lens can be mounted to the housing to apply a variable focal power to the light from the eye and to pass the light along an optical path toward a wavefront sensor within the housing. The wavefront sensor can receive the light via the optical path and measure a wavefront thereof. A determination module can be configured to determine a property of the eye based on the wavefront. Embodiments can be handheld, portable, and open view, while providing objective wavefront aberrometry, subjective phoroptry, and accommodation and presbyoptic evaluation, as well as lensometry functions.

An anomaloscope comprises a display and a controller of the display. The display has pixels arranged in a plurality of groups, each group containing at least three pixels, each pixel being capable of emitting monochromatic light at a distinct wavelength. The controller of the display causes the display to emit, in at least one of the plurality of groups, light at a first wavelength and causes the display to emit, in at least another one of the plurality of groups, light at two other wavelengths. The controller of the display controls intensities of the light emitted at each of the distinct wavelengths to generate of a pair of metameric colors between the light emitted at the first wavelength and a combination of the light emitted at the two other wavelengths. A method uses the anomaloscope to assess an ability of a subject to discriminate between colors.

An image processing apparatus is provided that includes: an obtaining unit configured to obtain a first medical image of a subject; and an image quality improving unit configured to generate a second medical image with image quality higher than image quality of different regions including a first region and a second region that is different from the first region in the obtained first image, using the obtained first image as input data that is input into a learned model.

Methods, apparatus, and systems for performing an ophthalmic diagnostic test are disclosed. In one aspect, a head-wearable device for administering an ophthalmic test to a subject can comprise a head-wearable frame for mounting the device onto the subject's head, and a light seal configured for coupling to the frame so as to isolate at least one eye of the subject from ambient light when the device is worn by the subject.

Provided are apparatuses, a non-transitory computer-readable medium or media, and methods for supporting reading of a fundus image of a subject. In certain aspects, disclosed a method including the steps of: extracting a first feature information from a first fundus image of the subject based on a machine learning model; generating a second fundus image having a second feature information by mapping an adversarial factor to the first fundus image so that the first feature information is changed; and displaying the first fundus image having the first feature information and the second fundus image having the second feature information on a display device.

A device and computer program for determining the spherocylindrical refraction of an eye are disclosed. A component having adjustable optics is provided, the refractive power of which can be adjusted via a refractive power adjustment device. The spherocylindrical refraction is then determined from the adjustment of the refractive power adjustment device at different orientations of a typical direction of the optics or a typical direction of eye test characters.

Systems and methods for imaging tissue are described. Particularly, systems and methods of imaging an inner limiting membrane, epi-retinal membrane, or posterior vitreous cortex of a patient's eye are disclosed. Imaging an inner limiting membrane, epi-retinal membrane, or posterior vitreous cortex may include applying a stain to the inner limiting membrane, epi-retinal membrane, or posterior vitreous cortex of the patient's eye, causing the stain to produce fluorescent light having a wavelength within a near-infrared range, capturing the fluorescent light, and producing an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) image of the inner limiting membrane, epi-retinal membrane, or posterior vitreous cortex with an OCT imaging system that is configured to detect light within the near-infrared range.

A fundus illumination system includes an array of light sources, a first optical combiner, and a second optical combiner. The array of light sources are configured to be selectively enabled to emit non-visible light to illuminate a fundus of an eye. The first optical combiner is configured to receive reflected non-visible light that is reflected by the eye, direct a first component of the reflected non-visible light to a first camera to generate an image of the eye, and pass a second component of the reflected non-visible light. The second optical combiner is configured to receive a fundus imaging light responsive to the second component of the reflected non-visible light, and to direct the fundus imaging light to a second camera to generate an image of the fundus.

A head-mounted video camera, a processor, and a display are integrated within the head-mounted device worn by the user. The head-mounted device is configured to capture images of the environment and subject those images to specialized processing in order to diagnose and/or make up for deficiencies in the user's eyesight. Different modes of operating the device are provided that enable the user to configure the device for a specific application. The modes of operation include at least an assistive mode, a diagnostic mode, and a therapeutic mode. Each mode of operation may include further options, where each option is dedicated to a specific processing approach specific to a condition that may afflict the user, ranging from contrast sensitivity issues to strabismus.