Provided is a display device, which includes: a diffusion plate, where the diffusion plate includes: a substrate including a first surface and a second surface facing away from each other; and a micro-structure unit located on a side of the second surface of the substrate, where the micro-structure unit includes a third surface and a fourth surface facing away from each other, the third surface is connected to the second surface, and the fourth surface has a surface shape axis inclined relative to the first surface; and a light source located on a side of the first surface of the substrate, where the light source is configured to emit a light beam to be diffused to the micro-structure unit, and the light beam to be diffused passes through the micro-structure unit to form a diffused light field.

An optical element is provided. The optical element includes an optical film including a birefringent material having a chirality. Optically anisotropic molecules of the birefringent material disposed adjacent a first surface of the optical film are configured with a first pretilt angle in a range of greater than 10° and less than 80°, or in a range of greater than −80° and less than −10°. Optically anisotropic molecules of the birefringent material disposed adjacent a second surface of the optical film opposing the first surface are configured with a second pretilt angle in the range of greater than 10° and less than 80°, or in the range of greater than −80° and less than −10°.

Disclosed are embodiments of display systems that provide directional emission from light emitting elements. The light emissive display systems disclosed provide methods and apparatus for controlling the direction and intensity of light emitted by the display. Display modules have a plurality of light emitting elements arranged in a predetermined pattern and providing a highly uniform visual effect. Arrangement of physical and optical components with respect to the position and orientation of light emitting devices collectively steers the light from the display with a controlled directionality and intensity.

An illumination device includes a diffusion member having an anisotropic diffusion surface, a rotary shaft member configured to rotate the anisotropic diffusion surface while a coherent light beam from a light source is illuminated on the anisotropic diffusion surface, and an optical device that further diffuses a coherent light beam diffused on the anisotropic diffusion surface, wherein the coherent light beam diffused on the anisotropic diffusion surface is diffused in a form of line and the diffused coherent light beam in the form of line is configured to move to draw a locus of rotation in one direction in accordance with the rotation of the anisotropic diffusion surface.

A transparent layered element with diffuse reflection properties includes two outer layers made of dielectric materials having substantially the same refractive index and a central layer intercalated between the two outer layers, formed either from a single layer which is a dielectric layer with a refractive index different from that of the outer layers or a metallic layer, or from a stack of layers which includes at least one dielectric layer with a refractive index different from that of the outer layers or a metallic layer. The upper outer layer is a sol-gel layer including a silica-based organic/inorganic hybrid matrix.

A biochip device includes a waveguide, chromophore elements, a diffusing structure, and a sloping surface. The chromophore elements are disposed on a portion of the waveguide and are configured to emit fluorescence in response to excitation by guided light waves transmitted by the waveguide. The diffusing structure is configured to generate guided light waves in the waveguide when illuminated. The sloping surface is sloped relative to a plane of the waveguide and is configured to direct excitation light into the waveguide, and the sloping surface and the waveguide are configured to deflect the excitation light to the diffusing structure to generate guided light waves within the waveguide. The sloping surface may be a face of a prism attached to or integrated with the waveguide, or the sloping surface may be a chamfer formed at an edge of the waveguide.

An apparatus and method is provided including: modulating or modifying light output by one or more light sources, wherein the light output is for use in rendering content in a first direction using a display, wherein the display has at least one curved portion, wherein the modulating or modifying of the light output by the one or more light sources modulates or modifies said light within said at least one curved portion such that said content is rendered in the first direction.

An illumination apparatus for reducing speckle effect in light reflected off an illumination target includes a laser; diffuser positioned in an optical path between an illumination target and the laser to diffuse collimated laser light in a planar fan of diffused light that spreads in one dimension across at least a portion of the illumination target; and a beam deflector to direct the collimated laser light incident on the beam deflector to sweep across different locations on the linear diffuser within an exposure time for illumination of the illumination target by the diffused light. The different locations span a distance across the linear diffuser that provides sufficient uncorrelated speckle patterns, at an image sensor, in light reflected from an intersection of the planar fan of light with the illumination target to add incoherently when imaged by the image sensor within the exposure time.

A light control film includes a plurality of spaced apart substantially parallel first light absorbing regions arranged along a first direction, each first light absorbing region having a width and a height, the plurality of first light absorbing regions including nonoverlapping first and second sub-pluralities of the plurality of first light absorbing regions, the first sub-plurality of the plurality of first light absorbing regions having a first viewing angle, the second sub-plurality of the plurality of first light absorbing regions having a different second viewing angle.

Provided are an optical diffusion film composed of a single layer, for which the optical diffusion incident angle region can be effectively expanded, and even when the incident angle of incident light is varied within the optical diffusion incident angle region, changes in the optical diffusion characteristics can be effectively suppressed; and a method for manufacturing the optical diffusion film.

Disclosed is an optical diffusion film having, inside the film, a single optical diffusion layer having a first internal structure and a second internal structure, each of which include a plurality of regions having a relatively high refractive index in a region having a relatively low refractive index, sequentially from the lower part along the film thickness direction, and the regions having a relatively high refractive index in the first internal structure have a bent section at an intermediate point along the film thickness direction.