An aspect of the present disclosure is a device that includes a reflecting surface having a length aligned along a first axis (z), where a cross-section of the reflecting surface in a plane perpendicular to the first axis (z) forms a curve comprising a concave section positioned between a first endpoint and a second endpoint, at least a portion of the concave section is accurately approximated by a polynomial equation, an aperture is formed by a straight line connecting the first endpoint to the second endpoint, and the concave section is configured to focus a plurality of beams of light passing through the aperture onto a focal point.

A product comprising a substrate and a multilayer coating for the thermal control of a surface comprising a first inner layer intended to be deposited on said surface, a second intermediate layer applied on said first inner layer and a third outer layer applied on said second intermediate layer in which: said first inner layer comprises a co-dispersion of conductive nanoparticles and dielectric nanoparticles

An optical element includes a conversion layer and a metal piece layer. The conversion layer is provided with a light-incidence surface including an uneven surface, the conversion layer being configured to receive light incident on the uneven surface and output the light from the uneven surface as light in a different state than the incident light. The metal piece layer is configured by a plurality of metal pieces to cover at least part of the uneven surface.

A non-dichroic omnidirectional structural color multilayer structure. The non-dichroic omnidirectional structural color multilayer structure has an absorbing layer, a first layer extending across the absorbing layer, and a second layer extending across the first layer. The multilayer structure can reflect a narrow band of electromagnetic radiation that has a width of less than 500 nanometers and a center wavelength shift of less than 200 nanometers when the multilayer structure is viewed from angles between 0 and 45 degrees. In addition, the absorbing layer can block electromagnetic radiation reflected off of a surface that is proximate to the multilayer structure and thereby afford for a “pure” color that is not contaminated by reflected light from surrounding surfaces.

A multilayer stack displaying a red omnidirectional structural color. The multilayer stack includes a reflector layer, a dielectric layer extending across the reflector layer, and an absorbing layer extending across the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer reflects more than 70% of incident white light that has a wavelength greater than 580 nanometers (nm). In addition, the absorbing layer absorbs more than 70% of the incident white light with a wavelength less than 580 nm. In combination, the reflector layer, dielectric layer, and absorbing layer form an omnidirectional reflector that reflects a narrow band of electromagnetic radiation with a center wavelength between 580-680 nm, has a width of less than 200 nm wide and a color shift of less than 100 nm when the reflector is viewed from angles between 0 and 45 degrees.

A method of manufacture of an extreme ultraviolet reflective element includes: providing a substrate; forming a multilayer stack on the substrate, the multilayer stack includes a plurality of reflective layer pairs having a first reflective layer and a second reflective layer for forming a Bragg reflector; and forming a capping layer on and over the multilayer stack, the capping layer formed from titanium oxide, ruthenium oxide, niobium oxide, ruthenium tungsten, ruthenium molybdenum, or ruthenium niobium, and the capping layer for protecting the multilayer stack by reducing oxidation and mechanical erosion.

A light emitting device comprises a semiconductor diode structure configured to emit light, a substrate that is transparent to light emitted by the semiconductor diode structure, and a reflective nanostructured layer. The reflective nanostructured layer may be disposed on or adjacent to a bottom surface of the substrate and configured to reflect toward and through a side wall surface of the substrate light that is emitted by the semiconductor structure and incident on the reflective nanostructured layer at angles at or near perpendicular incidence. Alternatively, the reflective nanostructured layer may be disposed on or adjacent to at least one sidewall surface of the substrate and configured to reflect toward and through the bottom surface of the substrate light that is emitted by the semiconductor structure and incident on the reflective nanostructured layer at angles at or near perpendicular incidence.

Provided is a method for producing an optical film using simultaneous multilayer coating application, the method being capable of reducing the incidence of coating failure in an optical film. The present invention relates to a method for producing an optical film having at least two or more optical functional layers formed on a base material, the method including: a loss modulus checking step of checking the loss moduli of coating liquids capable of forming the respective optical functional layers by measuring dynamic viscoelasticity; and a coating application step of performing simultaneous multilayer coating application of the coating liquids capable of forming the respective optical functional layers on the base material.

A mirror, in particular for a microlithographic projection exposure apparatus, has an optically effective surface (10a), a mirror substrate (11) and a reflection layer stack (12) configured to reflect electromagnetic radiation that is incident on the optically effective surface. A metallic diffusion barrier layer (13) is arranged on that side of the reflection layer stack which faces toward the optically effective surface, and a stabilization layer (14) is arranged on the side of the diffusion barrier layer that faces toward the optically effective surface (10a). The stabilization layer reduces deformation of the diffusion barrier layer compared to an analogous structure without such a stabilization layer upon irradiation of the optically effective surface with electromagnetic radiation. The stabilization layer has a porosity, a relative density of which is no more than 80%, where the relative density is defined as the ratio between geometric density and true density.

A light reflecting film may be provided that improves the self-restoring property of a stretched section thereof when stretched and attached to a curved surface and that has excellent scratch resistance and light resistance, a production method for the light reflecting film, a decorative molding method may also be provided for the light reflecting film, laminated glass, and a curved surface body.