A smart clothing and backpack system enables a user to perform many actions. The smart clothing includes circuitry and/or is made of a conductive material enclosed in an insulation material. The smart clothing includes a set of sensors configured to detect body information. The smart clothing includes multiple electromagnets configured to adjust a size of the smart clothing. The electromagnets are configured to have an increased attraction to make the smart clothing tighter on the body of the user. The system includes a smart backpack to communicate with the smart clothing. The smart backpack includes a Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) reader configured to detect RFID tags on or in items within the smart backpack. Many other features are able to be implemented with the smart clothing and backpack system. The smart clothing is able to include a wetsuit configured to communicate with a surfboard and/or a backpack.

Disclosed herein are a non-invasive alcohol detection, identity management, access control, remote screening, and reporting systems.

The invention relates to a device (100) configured to capture perspiration from a perspiring body and to be attached to an electronic component, comprising a multilayer structure (9) having a contact surface (1) configured to be placed in contact with the body, the structure (9) comprising a microfluidic channel (5) connecting a fluid inlet (3) to a fluid outlet (19), and at least one pair of electrical conductors (27a, 27b), each conductor (27a, 27b) of the pair of conductors (27a, 27b) comprising at a first end, an electrode (23a, 23b) having a surface area extending along a wall of the microfluidic channel (5), and at a second end, a connecting portion (25a, 25b), the connecting portion (25a, 25b) being accessible by an adjacent surface (22a, 22b) or a surface (17) opposite the contact surface (1) and being configured to be electrically coupled to the electronic device.

A computer-implemented method for measuring skin conductance of a writing instrument's user, including: applying a DC voltage to user's fingers contacting the writing instrument during a writing session with the writing instrument; measuring a current generated by reverse iontophoresis following applying the DC voltage; calculating an average skin conductance over a specific timeframe from the measured current; storing calculated average skin conductance data as historical data; comparing the average skin conductance to historical data from the same user or to reference data from a group of users; and providing an indication to the user in case that the skin conductance has decreased and/or the calculation results.

Nanoparticle-fibrous membrane composites are provided as tunable interfacial scaffolds for flexible chemical sensors and biosensors by assembling gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) in a fibrous membrane. The gold nanoparticles are functionalized with organic, polymeric and/or biological molecules. The fibrous membranes may include different filter papers, with one example featuring a multilayered fibrous membrane consisting of a cellulose nanofiber (CN) top layer, an electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibrous midlayer (or alternate material), and a non-woven polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibrous support layer, with the nanoparticles provided on the fibrous membranes through interparticle molecular/polymeric linkages and nanoparticle-nanofibrous interactions. Molecular linkers may be employed to tune hydrogen bonding and electrostatic and/or hydrophobic/hydrophilic interactions to provide sensor specificity to gases or liquids. The sensors act as chemiresistor-type sensors. A preferred implementation is a sweat sensor.

An electrode substrate is configured to be pressed onto the skin of a wearer and includes a body having a first, skin-facing side and a second side that faces away from the skin. A plurality of raised platforms extend outwardly from the skin-facing side, and recessed areas are formed between each of the raised platforms and define air gaps for the flow of air between each raised platform. A skin-facing electrode is formed on each of at least two of the plurality of raised platforms. The skin-facing electrodes are planar and flush with an outer surface of the raised platforms. The electrode substrate and the skin-facing electrodes formed thereon are configured to measure change in impedance of the skin onto which it is pressed over time, including the time before, during, and after sweat perfusion.

Disclosed herein is a printable liquid lactate sensor composition including silk fibroin in an amount by weight of between 0.1% and 30%, a lactate oxidase that is activated by lactate to produce hydrogen peroxide, a peroxidase that is activated by the hydrogen peroxide, and a chromogenic substrate that changes color upon activation of the peroxidase. Wearable sensors including the printable liquid lactate sensor composition are disclosed herein.

Microfluidic devices are provided for continuous sampling of biological fluid for extended periods of time, e.g. for periods of time up to and including 10 days. The microfluidic devices can be made from porous hydrophilic substrate, e.g. hydrophilic paper substrates. The devices can include a collection pad, an evaporative pump, and a channel connecting the collection pad and the evaporative pump. Hydrogels at the collection pad can promote collection of sweat or other biological fluids from a subject, which in some aspects is assisted by the use of one or more microneedles on the substrate. An evaporative pump can provide for long periods of sampling by providing continual pumping, e.g. through the use of an evaporation pad where sampled fluid can evaporate.

A flexible, multi-layered device for automatically sensing sweat biomarkers, storing and transmitting sensed data via wireless network to a computing device having software applications operable thereon for receiving and analyzing the sensed data. The device is functional in extreme conditions, including extremely hot temperatures, extremely cold temperatures, high salinity, high altitude, extreme pHs, and/or extreme pressures.

Systems, devices and methods are described herein for various embodiments of a sample analysis system that is worn by a user, the sample analysis system configured to collect a sample of bodily fluid, and measure and analyze the bodily fluid to determine a property of the bodily fluid and/or a health parameter (e.g., degree of hydration, electrolyte losses, perspiration rate, etc.) of the user.