A toner composition having improved toner usage efficiency, wherein toner particles having an average size range of 1-25 μm may be mixed with an extra particulate additive package including a first small silica surface treated with both a silane and an aminosilane having a primary particle size of about 5 nm-20 nm, a second fumed silica having a primary particle size of 30 nm-60 nm, a third silica having a primary particle size of about 70 nm-120 nm, an electro-conductive titania having a primary particle size of 30 nm-60 nm and an acicular titania having a size of about 1.6 μm to 1.7 μm in length and about 130 nm in diameter. An alternative embodiment of the extra particulate additive package does not include a third silica having a primary particle size of about 70 nm-120 nm.

A toner composition having improved toner usage efficiency, wherein toner particles having an average size range of 1-25 μm may be mixed with an extra particulate additive package including a first small silica surface treated with both a silane and an aminosilane having a primary particle size of about 5 nm-20 nm, a second fumed silica having a primary particle size of 30 nm-60 nm, a third silica having a primary particle size of about 70 nm-120 nm, an electro-conductive titania having a primary particle size of 30 nm-60 nm and an acicular titania having a size of about 1.6 μm to 1.7 μm in length and about 130 nm in diameter. An alternative embodiment of the extra particulate additive package does not include a third silica having a primary particle size of about 70 nm-120 nm.

Provided is a toner characterized by including at least a negatively-charged toner master particle, and an external additive externally added onto the surface of the toner master particle, wherein the external additive includes a fine powder and a small particle size silica having an average first particle diameter smaller than that of the fine powder, and wherein the fine powder is a composition containing at least aluminum hydroxide and silica and has a surface treated with silane.

The preset invention provides a method for producing a toner for electrostatic-image development comprising: a dispersing step of performing a dispersing treatment in which a cavitation effect is obtained on a color resin particle containing a binder resin, a colorant, a charge control agent, and a release agent in an aqueous dispersion median so as to obtain a dispersion of the color resin particle; and a heating step of performing a heat treatment on the dispersion of the color resin particle at a temperature of equal to or more than a glass transition temperature of the color resin particle and 95° C. or less for a heating time of 5 minutes or more and 10 hours or less.

A toner comprising: a toner particle containing a resin component and a wax; and an inorganic fine particle on the surface of the toner particle, wherein, in a cross section of the toner particle, domains containing the wax are observed, and when among the domains, domains having a major diameter of 10-300 nm are defined as domains S, an occupation area percentage of which a ratio of a total sum of areas occupied by the domains S in a region from a surface of the toner particle to a depth of 600 nm in the cross section with respect to an area of the region, is 3.0-15.0%, and wherein the inorganic fine particle contains a fine particle A having a volume resistivity of 1.0×10.sup.3 to 3.0×10.sup.5 Ω.Math.cm, and having a relative permittivity εr of 100 or more.

A resin fine particle includes a polyester resin; and a basic dye, in which an volume average particle diameter of the resin fine particle is 0.05 μm or more and 1 μm or less, and a ratio of a concentration of the basic dye in a center of gravity portion of the resin fine particle to a concentration of the basic dye in a surface layer portion having a depth of 10 nm or less from a surface of the resin fine particle is 0.8 or more.

Provided is a toner characterized by including at least a negatively-charged toner master particle, and an external additive externally added onto the surface of the toner master particle, wherein the external additive includes a fine powder and a small particle size silica having an average first particle diameter smaller than that of the fine powder, and wherein the fine powder is a composition containing at least aluminum hydroxide and silica and has a surface treated with silane.

A toner includes a toner particle containing a binder resin and an inorganic infrared absorbent particle, wherein (1) in spectrometry of a fixed image obtained by fixing an unfixed image formed on a recording material by using the toner in a loading amount of 0.30 mg/cm.sup.2, a maximum value of a light absorbance in a wavelength range of 400 nm or more and 800 nm or less is 10% or less, and (2) in cross section observation of the toner particle using a transmission electron microscope, when a circle having the center of gravity of a cross section image of the toner particle as the center thereof and having a radius of 2.0 μm is drawn and the circle is divided into four to form four quadrants, a coefficient of variation in number of the inorganic infrared absorbent particles observed in each quadrant is 0.50 or less.

A toner comprises a toner particle and silica fine particles, wherein, fragment ions of a D unit structure are observed in time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry measurement of the silica fine particles, in a titration operation of the silica fine particles using NaOH, the titer is within a specific range, an area of a peak from 25 to 15 ppm in .sup.29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particles is denoted by D, the sum of the areas of peaks from 140 to 100 ppm is denoted by S, and an area of a peak from more than 19 ppm to 17 ppm or less is denoted by D1, the specific surface area of the silica fine particles, D, D1, and S satisfy specific relationships, and a specific amount of a specific polyvalent metal element is present on the surface of the toner particle.

A toner comprising a toner particle and a silica fine particle A on a surface of the toner particle, wherein: a weight-average particle diameter of the toner is 4.0 to 15.0 m; the silica fine particle A comprises a silicone oil and a carbon loss ratio when the silica fine particle A is washed with hexane is 5 to 70%; and an area of each peak obtained in a solid-state CP/MAS .sup.29Si-NMR measurement of the silica fine particle A and of the silica fine particle A after washing thereof with hexane is in a specific range.