A positively chargeable toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes external additive particles each including a silica base and a coat layer covering the silica base. The coat layer contains lanthanum atoms. The coat layer has a surface having hydrophobicity.

The present invention is to provide a toner production method configured to prevent scale formation, be resistant to pipe clogging, and realize stable and efficient toner production, even in the case of long-term continuous production. Disclosed is a toner production method comprising: a dispersing step for obtaining a colorant dispersion by, in a stirring tank, (a) dispersing or dissolving a colorant and a charge control agent in a polymerizable monomer, or (b) dispersing or dissolving a binder resin, a colorant and a charge control agent in an organic solvent, and a droplets forming step by suspending the colorant dispersion in an aqueous dispersion medium, wherein, in the dispersing step, the binder resin, colorant or charge control agent is added to the polymerizable monomer or organic solvent in the stirring tank, from a hopper, through a pipe heated by a heating device.

The external additive for toner includes an external additive particle containing: a base particle A; and a plurality of convex forming particles B each configured to form a convex portion on a surface of the base particle A. The base particle A and the convex forming particles B are particles each containing a silicon compound having a siloxane bond, and a chemical bond is formed between the base particle A and each of the convex forming particles B. The base particle A and the convex forming particles B each have a total content of the following unit (a), unit (b), and unit (c) of 80 mass % or more and 100 mass % or less:

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where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms.

There is provided a method of manufacturing a toner including a toner particle containing a binder resin, the method including: process 1: preparing a mixed solution including the following components i) to iii) in an aqueous medium: i) a particular silicon compound, ii) a fine particle having a number average particle diameter of 3 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and iii) a toner base particle containing the binder resin; and process 2: adjusting a pH of the mixed solution to 7.0 or more and 12.0 or less to condense the silicon compound, wherein the fine particle has an absolute value of zeta potential of 10.0 mV or more at the pH of the mixed solution of process 1.

A positively chargeable toner includes a plurality of toner particles. Each of the toner particles includes a toner mother particle and an external additive adhering to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes a plurality of resin particles. Each of the resin particles has a resin mother particle and a coat layer covering at least a portion of a surface of the resin mother particle. The coat layer contains a specific vinyl resin.

A first aspect is a toner production method in which an organosilicon compound is condensed in a surfactant-containing aqueous medium with a specific surface tension, in which a resin particle is dispersed, to produce a toner having the condensate of the organosilicon compound on the surface of the resin particle, and a second aspect is a toner production method in which an organosilicon compound is condensed in an aqueous medium which has a surfactant and a specific metal salt and in which a resin particle is dispersed, to produce a toner having the condensate of the organosilicon compound on the surface of the resin particle.

A developer including developer particles. Each developer particle includes a binder resin, a brilliant pigment whose principal component is aluminum, a yellow pigment, a magenta pigment, a reddish-orange fluorescent dye, and a yellow fluorescent dye. When an average particle diameter of the brilliant pigments included in the developer particles is expressed as D (m), a number proportion of the developer particles having particle diameters in a range from 4 m to 1.2D m in the whole developer particles is less than or equal to 4%.

A positively chargeable toner includes a plurality of toner particles. Each of the toner particles includes a toner mother particle and an external additive adhering to a surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes a plurality of resin particles. Each of the resin particles has a resin mother particle and a coat layer covering at least a portion of a surface of the resin mother particle. The coat layer contains a specific vinyl resin.

A toner is provided, which is obtained by heat treating a toner particle containing a crystalline polyester resin, an amorphous polyester resin, a hydrocarbon wax and a wax dispersant, wherein the crystalline polyester resin is a hybrid resin having crystalline polyester segments and amorphous vinyl segments, and a mass ratio of crystalline polyester segments and amorphous vinyl segments in the crystalline polyester resin (crystalline segments/amorphous segments) is 70/30 to 98/2.

A process includes forming an emulsion comprising a monomer and a colorant, the colorant further including an anionic functional group and a lipophilic counter ion, and polymerizing the monomer to form a latex, the latex includes polymer nanoparticles having the colorant dispersed therein.