A magnetic sensor includes a light flux emitting unit, a first cell onto which a light flux, which propagates in a first direction, is incident and that accommodates a medium which changes optical characteristics of the light flux depending on a magnitude of a magnetic field, a first light flux bender that bends some of the plurality of light fluxes in a second direction different from the first direction, a second cell onto which the light flux, which is bent in the second direction in the first light flux bender, is incident and that accommodates a medium which changes optical characteristics of the light flux depending on the magnitude of the magnetic field, a first light detection element that detects optical characteristics of the light flux emitted from the first cell, and a second light detection element that detects optical characteristics of the light flux emitted from the second cell.

A light source unit irradiates a gas cell disposed in a measurement region with linearly polarized light in which the direction of travel is a z-axis direction and the vibration direction of an electric field is a y-axis direction. A polarimeter detects optical characteristics of light passing through the gas cell. A magnetic field generator applies an artificial magnetic field, capable of varying an x-axis component, a y-axis component, and a z-axis component, to the measurement region. A calculation control unit generates a plurality of artificial magnetic fields, calculates a magnetization value or a value corresponding to the magnetization value on the basis of the detection results of the polarimeter, and calculates an original magnetic field present in the measurement region, using an artificial magnetic field when the magnetization value or the value corresponding to the magnetization value satisfies a condition for external value.

Provided herein are embodiments of a Quadruple Butterfly Coil (QBC) configuration having enhanced focality for stimulation of specific areas of a brain for therapeutic treatment. Finite element simulations were conducted for the QBC, the QBC with a single shield, and the QBC with a double shield. The stimulation profiles for these coil configurations were assessed with 50 anatomically realistic MRI derived head models. The coils were positioned on the vertex and the scalp over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex to stimulate the brain. Computer modeling of the coils was performed to determine volume of stimulation, maximum electric field, location of maximum electric field, and area of stimulation across all 50 head models for both coils.

A brain activity analysis system includes: a first measurement unit configured to measure an intracerebral signal based on a state of a brain; a second measurement unit configured to measure a biological reaction signal generated in a body site other than the brain in association with brain activity; a first analysis unit configured to estimate a first range indicating a range of a source of the intracerebral signal based on measurement data by the first measurement unit; a second analysis unit configured to estimate a second range indicating the range of the source of the intracerebral signal based on the measurement data by the second measurement unit; and a processing unit configured to calculate an estimated position of the source of the intracerebral signal based on the first range and the second range, and output information regarding the calculated estimated position.

A waveform generation identifying method includes: acquiring waveform data of a biosignal measured by a plurality of sensors; calculating distribution information indicating a distribution of values of the biosignal based on waveform data at a time point when characteristic waveform information of Interictal Epileptiform Discharge (IED) manifests, among the acquired waveform data; and giving, as an input, the distribution information calculated at the calculating, to a model which has been trained using, as teaching data, information obtained by adding information regarding a sensor selected in an analysis, to the distribution information indicating the distribution of the values of the biosignal, to obtain, as an output, a selection region indicating a dipole pattern region, and identifying a sensor constituting the dipole pattern region based on the selection region.

A waveform generation identifying method includes: acquiring waveform data of a biosignal measured by a plurality of sensors; calculating distribution information indicating a distribution of values of the biosignal based on waveform data at a time point when characteristic waveform information of Interictal Epileptiform Discharge (IED) manifests, among the acquired waveform data; and giving, as an input, the distribution information calculated at the calculating, to a model which has been trained using, as teaching data, information obtained by adding information regarding a sensor selected in an analysis, to the distribution information indicating the distribution of the values of the biosignal, to obtain, as an output, a selection region indicating a dipole pattern region, and identifying a sensor constituting the dipole pattern region based on the selection region.

In one embodiment, a first magnetoresistive effect element, a current supply unit and a detecting unit is provided. The first magnetoresistive effect element is provided between first and second electrodes and along a first direction which is a current flowing direction between the first and the second electrode. The first magnetoresistive effect element includes first and second magnetic layers and a first intermediate layer provided between the first and the second magnetic layer and along the first direction and a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. The current supply unit is connected to the first and the second electrode and can supply an alternating current. The detecting unit detects a second harmonic component of an alternating current voltage signal outputted from the first magnetoresistive effect element. A length of the first magnetoresistive effect element in the first direction is larger than a length in the second direction.

A method for measuring an intracranial bioimpedance in a patient's head, to help evaluate cerebral autoregulation, may involve securing a volumetric integral phase-shift spectroscopy (VIPS) device to the patient's head, measuring the intracranial bioimpedance with the VIPS device by measuring a phase shift between a magnetic field transmitted from a transmitter on one side of a VIPS device and a magnetic field received at a receiver on another side of the VIPS device, at one or more frequencies, and evaluating cerebral autoregulation in the intracranial bioimpedance, using a processor in the VIPS device.

A system includes a communication interface for receiving information that includes data collected from an array of neural activity sensors that were placed on a patient during a session of applied stimuli. A processor is configured to analyze the received information to obtain a frequency spectrum for each sensor for a given stimulus of the applied stimuli. Neural network frequencies that correspond to an indicated impaired functionality of the nervous system of the patient are selected. For each selected frequencies, a spatial map of neural activity is generated. Each of the generated spatial maps is compared with retrieved corresponding spatial maps to identify treatment frequencies from among the selected neural network frequencies. A treatment protocol is generated for input into an electromagnetic field generator to cause the generator to apply to the patient an electromagnetic field at each identified treatment frequency.

A system for measuring an electrophysiological (EP) signal of a subject, e.g., while the subject is in an MRI bore, includes antennas and circuitry to measure the EP signal; detect, using the antennas, magnetic-field changes due to MR operation; and isolate the EP measurement from resulting electrical transients. A control unit operates the detection circuitry to measure the EP signal at a time other than during the magnetic-field changes. A communication module transmits the EP signal via at least one of the one or more antennas. Some examples include a reference electrode to contact the body of a subject; a differential-pair to transmit a reference signal; and a converter at a measurement electrode to reconstruct the reference signal from the differential pair. Some examples provide an electrical or electromagnetic (e.g., optical) stimulus to tissues of a subject during a quiescent, non-readout MR period.