An electrode arrangement comprises: a semiconductor carrier substrate having a first and a second side surface; a first array of electrodes arranged above the first side surface; a second array of electrodes arranged below the second side surface; an electronic circuitry for processing electrical signals recorded by the electrodes; a connecting layer arranged above the electronic circuitry and providing a first connection between a first point and a second point; a first interconnect for electrically connecting the first point to the electronic circuitry; a second interconnect and a first through-substrate via which electrically connect the second point to the electrode in the second array.

An electrode arrangement comprises: a semiconductor carrier substrate having a first and a second side surface; a first array of electrodes arranged above the first side surface; a second array of electrodes arranged below the second side surface; an electronic circuitry for processing electrical signals recorded by the electrodes; a connecting layer arranged above the electronic circuitry and providing a first connection between a first point and a second point; a first interconnect for electrically connecting the first point to the electronic circuitry; a second interconnect and a first through-substrate via which electrically connect the second point to the electrode in the second array.

A bio-electrode composition contains (A) a reaction composite of an ionic polymer material and a carbon particle. The component (A) contains the carbon particle bonding to the polymer containing a repeating unit having a structure selected from the group consisting of salts of ammonium, lithium, sodium, potassium, and silver formed with any of fluorosulfonic acid, fluorosulfonimide, and N-carbonyl-fluorosulfonamide. Thus, the present invention provides: a bio-electrode composition capable of forming a living body contact layer for a bio-electrode which is excellent in electric conductivity and biocompatibility, light-weight, and manufacturable at low cost, and which prevents significant reduction in the electric conductivity even when wetted with water or dried; a bio-electrode including a living body contact layer formed of the bio-electrode composition; and a method for manufacturing the bio-electrode.

A system for deploying an electrode array at a target location through a hole formed in the patient's cranium. The system includes an array of electrodes attached to a substrate and an inserter attached to the substrate and/or the array of electrodes. The inserter, substrate and array of electrodes are configured into a first compressed state and are positioned within the lumen of a cannula. Using the cannula, the system is inserted through the hole, the cannula is then removed, and the inserter is used to transition the substrate and electrode array from the first compressed state to a second uncompressed state, thereby deploying the array of electrodes at the target location.

Described herein is an implantable device comprising a radiation-sensitive element (such as a transistor) configured to modulate a current as a function of radiation exposure to the transistor; and an ultrasonic device comprising an ultrasonic transducer configured to emit an ultrasonic backscatter that encodes the radiation exposure to the transistor. Further described herein is an implantable device comprising a radiation-sensitive element (such as a diode) configured to generate an electrical signal upon encountering radiation; an integrated circuit configured to receive the electrical signal and modulate a current based on the received electrical signal; and an ultrasonic transducer configured to emit an ultrasonic backscatter based on the modulated current encoding information relating to the encountered radiation. Further described are systems including one or more implantable devices and an interrogator comprising one or more ultrasonic transducers configured to transmit ultrasonic waves to the one or more implantable devices or receive ultrasonic backscatter from the one or more implantable devices. Also describe are computer systems for operating implantable devices, methods of detecting radiation, methods of treating a solid cancer in a subject, and methods of monitoring a subject for recurrence of a solid cancer.

Described herein is an implantable device comprising a radiation-sensitive element (such as a transistor) configured to modulate a current as a function of radiation exposure to the transistor; and an ultrasonic device comprising an ultrasonic transducer configured to emit an ultrasonic backscatter that encodes the radiation exposure to the transistor. Further described herein is an implantable device comprising a radiation-sensitive element (such as a diode) configured to generate an electrical signal upon encountering radiation; an integrated circuit configured to receive the electrical signal and modulate a current based on the received electrical signal; and an ultrasonic transducer configured to emit an ultrasonic backscatter based on the modulated current encoding information relating to the encountered radiation. Further described are systems including one or more implantable devices and an interrogator comprising one or more ultrasonic transducers configured to transmit ultrasonic waves to the one or more implantable devices or receive ultrasonic backscatter from the one or more implantable devices. Also describe are computer systems for operating implantable devices, methods of detecting radiation, methods of treating a solid cancer in a subject, and methods of monitoring a subject for recurrence of a solid cancer.

A a front-end device is arranged to amplify an electric signal from an associated sensor, e.g. for amplifying an electric signal from a neural activity sensor. The front-end device has an amplifier circuit connected between its input and output terminals (Vin, Vout), wherein the amplifier circuit comprises a capacitive-coupled chopper circuit comprising a first gain element and first, second and third chopper switches arranged for operating at a chopper frequency. Further, the amplifier circuit has A) an impedance boosting auxiliary path connected to the input terminal in parallel with a first chopper switch of the CCC, wherein the impedance boosting auxiliary path comprises a pre-charging buffer, and B) a second gain element connected in a feedback path of the CCC. Such front-end device has high input impedance, and the input impedance is uncorrelated with the gain. It is highly suited for implantable micro devices, e.g. brain dusts.

A method includes receiving a measurement set comprising a plurality of measurement values generated using a plurality of electrodes distributed along an elongate structure configured to be implanted in and/or on a body portion of a recipient. The measurement set is indicative of a pose of the elongate structure relative to the body portion. The method further includes generating, in response at least in part to the measurement set, a gradient vector dataset comprising a plurality of gradient vector phase values. The method further includes generating, in response at least in part to the gradient vector dataset, an evaluation of the pose of the elongate structure relative to the body portion.

A method includes receiving a measurement set comprising a plurality of measurement values generated using a plurality of electrodes distributed along an elongate structure configured to be implanted in and/or on a body portion of a recipient. The measurement set is indicative of a pose of the elongate structure relative to the body portion. The method further includes generating, in response at least in part to the measurement set, a gradient vector dataset comprising a plurality of gradient vector phase values. The method further includes generating, in response at least in part to the gradient vector dataset, an evaluation of the pose of the elongate structure relative to the body portion.

Described herein is an implantable device configured to detect impedance characteristic of a tissue. In certain exemplary devices, the implantable device comprises (a) an ultrasonic transducer configured to emit an ultrasonic backscatter encoding information relating to an impedance characteristic of a tissue based on a modulated current flowing through the ultrasonic transducer; (b) an integrated circuit comprising (i) a variable frequency power supply electrically connected to a first electrode and a second electrode; (ii) a signal detector configured to detect an impedance, voltage, or current in a circuit comprising the variable frequency power supply, the first electrode, the second electrode, and the tissue; and (iii) a modulation circuit configured to modulate the current flowing through the ultrasonic transducer based on the detected impedance, voltage, or current; and the first electrode and the second electrode configured to be implanted into the tissue in electrical connection with each other through the tissue. Further described are systems including one or more implantable devices and an interrogator for operating the implantable device, methods of measuring impedance characteristic of a tissue in a subject, and methods of monitoring or characterizing a tissue in a subject.