A kinemyography sensor includes a support frame and a flexible substrate, wherein at least a portion of the flexible substrate is attached to the support frame. The support frame is configured to attach to a patient's thumb and forefinger and has a bendable middle section configured to bend in response to movement of the patient's thumb. A printed stimulation circuit is printed on the substrate and includes a pair of stimulation electrodes configured to adhere to a patient's skin to deliver a kinemyography stimulus, and a printed bend sensor is printed on the substrate and located on the bendable middle section of the support frame, wherein the printed bend sensor is configured to sense the bending of the support frame.

Systems and methods provide interface to a patient's autonomic nerves via an interior lumen wall of a blood vessel. Systems can include a probe having at least one electrode for receiving electrical signals from the interior of the lumen wall. The system can include processing components for extracting the signals from noise within the patient's body. Systems can include stimulation electrodes for providing stimulation and eliciting action potentials within the patient and destructive processes for destroying nervous function. The effect of nerve destruction on the propagation of action potentials can be effectively used as a feedback mechanism for determining the amount of nervous function destruction in the patient.

An intravascular catheter for nerve activity ablation and/or sensing includes one or more needles advanced through supported guide tubes (needle guiding elements) which expand to contact the interior surface of the wall of the renal artery or other vessel of a human body allowing the needles to be advanced though the vessel wall into the extra-luminal tissue including the media, adventitia and periadvential space. The catheter also includes structures which provide radial and lateral support to the guide tubes so that the guide tubes open uniformly and maintain their position against the interior surface of the vessel wall as the sharpened needles are advanced to penetrate into the vessel wall. Electrodes at the distal ends of the guide tubes allow sensing of nerve activity before and after attempted renal denervation. In a combination embodiment ablative energy or fluid is delivered to ablate nerves outside of the media.

A processing device is interfaced with an auditory region of the brain of a subject that is responsible for auditory perception. The processing device receives signals associated with nerve impulses that are transmitted to the auditory region of the brain of the subject in response to sound collected by an ear of the subject. The processing device processes the received signals and generates at least one audio signal that is representative of the auditory perception, by the subject, of the sound collected by the ear. In certain embodiments, the processing device processes at least one audio signal that is representative of at least one sound to convert the at least one audio signal to a sequence of nerve impulses, and selectively provides the sequence of nerve impulses to the auditory region of the brain of the subject such that the subject audially perceives the at least one sound.

In one example, the disclosure describes a method comprising receiving, by processing circuitry, information indicative of one or more evoked compound action potential (ECAP) signals. The one or more ECAP signals are sensed by at least one electrode carried by a medical lead. The processing circuitry determining that at least one characteristic value of the one or more ECAP signals is outside of an expected range. Responsive to determining that the at least one characteristic value of the one or more ECAP signals is outside of the expected range, the processing circuitry performs a lead integrity test for the medical lead.

In some embodiments, a method of providing a neurostimulation therapy to a patient, comprises: generating electrical pulses, by an implantable pulse generator (IPG), comprising respective bursts of a plurality of anodic pulses with each anodic pulse being separated by a time gap, wherein (1) the plurality of anodic pulses comprise successively increasing charge; (2) the plurality of anodic pulses are charge limited to be sub-threshold; (3) each burst of anodic pulses is followed by a discharge phase of intermittent time periods to discharge charge build up from the anodic pulses; and (4) each successive intermittent time period increases in time through the discharge phase to avoid action potential (AP) generation; and applying the generated electrical pulses to neural tissue of the patient to inhibit neural activity of the patient.

In some embodiments, a method of providing a neurostimulation therapy to a patient, comprises: generating electrical pulses, by an implantable pulse generator (IPG), comprising respective bursts of a plurality of anodic pulses with each anodic pulse being separated by a time gap, wherein (1) the plurality of anodic pulses comprise successively increasing charge; (2) the plurality of anodic pulses are charge limited to be sub-threshold; (3) each burst of anodic pulses is followed by a discharge phase of intermittent time periods to discharge charge build up from the anodic pulses; and (4) each successive intermittent time period increases in time through the discharge phase to avoid action potential (AP) generation; and applying the generated electrical pulses to neural tissue of the patient to inhibit neural activity of the patient.

A computer-implemented method for pelvic floor feedback. The method includes capturing a strength of action potentials via wireless sensors, the wireless sensors positioned proximate to a pelvic floor of a user. The method also includes transmitting the strength of the action potentials to a mobile device. The method also includes recording the strength of the action potentials on the mobile device.

A computer-implemented method for pelvic floor feedback. The method includes capturing a strength of action potentials via wireless sensors, the wireless sensors positioned proximate to a pelvic floor of a user. The method also includes transmitting the strength of the action potentials to a mobile device. The method also includes recording the strength of the action potentials on the mobile device.

An access device for accessing an intervertebral disc having an outer shield comprising an access shield with a larger diameter (˜16-30 mm) that reaches from the skin down to the facet line, with an inner shield having a second smaller diameter (˜5-12 mm) extending past the access shield and reaches down to the disc level. This combines the benefits of the direct visual microsurgical/mini open approaches and the percutaneous, “ultra-MIS” techniques.