In various aspects and embodiments provided are compositions and methods for identifying patients in need of improving cognition and/or treating a neurodegenerative disease in a patient and treating such patient.

Technology is adapted to enable improved collection of involuntary eyelid movement parameters, including collection of eyelid movement parameters to support analysis of neurological factors. For example, this may include methods and systems configured to enable improved analysis of involuntary eyelid movement parameters, including diagnosis of subject neurological conditions and/or other subject attributes from analysis of involuntary eyelid movement parameters. Some embodiments relate to testing, which provide a standardized environment for collection of involuntary eyelid movement data thereby to reduce influence of variable factors, which affect involuntary eyelid movement. For example, the standardized environment influences the subject to adopt a controlled cognitive and/or physiological state, thereby to improve comparability of test results. In some cases, the controlled test parameters include a test parameter, which influences the subject to voluntarily maintain a substantially consistent gaze detection, thereby to minimize eye movement.

There are provided an estimation system, an estimation program and an estimation method through which voice spoken by a subject is estimated, a disease from which the subject is suffering is distinguished and estimated, aggravation of the disease is prevented, and patients are able to receive appropriate treatment based on accurate distinguishing of the disease.

An exemplary system, method and computer-accessible medium for determining a dopamine function of a patient(s) can include, for example, receiving imaging information of a brain of the patient(s), determining a Neuromelanin (NM) concentration of the patient(s) based on the imaging information, and determining the dopamine function based on the NM concentration. The NM concentration can be determined using a voxel-wise analysis procedure. The voxel-wise analysis procedure can be used to determine a topographical pattern(s) within a substantia nigra (SN) of the brain of the patient(s). The topographical pattern(s) can include a pattern(s) of cell loss in the SN. The NM concentration can be based on a NM loss in the brain of the patient(s).

The present specification describes a system for diagnosing or screening one or more pathologies in a patient. The system includes a headset with at least one microphone or accelerometer to passively receive vibrations generated by the cerebral vasculature of the patient's brain, computing devices coupled with the headset for processing the received vibrations to obtain a unique signal, and a signal analyzer to analyze the signal in order to determine if the data includes patterns uniquely indicative of at least one of tension headaches, migraines, depression, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, autism, cerebral vasospasm and meningitis.

Data regarding typing by a user may be collected and analyzed in order to assess one or more health conditions or functional states of the user. Each health condition that is assessed may be a disease or a symptom of a disease. For instance, based on the typing data, a computer may assess the presence, severity or probability of, or a change in, one or more symptoms such as: mild cognitive impairment; dementia; impairment of fine motor control; impairment of sensory-motor feedback; or behavioral impairment. A computer may calculate keystroke tensors that encode information about the typing. A computer may select or derive features from the keystroke tensors. These features may be fed into one or more machine learning algorithms, which in turn may output an assessment of a health condition or functional state of the user.

The present disclosure provides methods and devices for assessing movement. In some exemplary embodiments, a system for assessing movement is provided. In some embodiments, the system includes a handheld device. In some embodiments, the handheld device includes a plurality of sensors configured to record motion and position data, a body having a plurality of sides, a battery, and a proximal end configured to interact with a touchscreen of a computing device.

A multimodal wearable band which uses mechanical vibrations to stimulate sensory neurons in the wrist or ankle in order to reduce the severity of tremors, rigidity, involuntary muscle contractions, and bradykinesia caused by neurological movement disorders and to free users from freezing induced by movement disorders. The device uses sensors to provide output used by a processing unit to determine the optimal stimulation pattern for each user and to determine when stimulation is necessary, and then uses one or more vibration motors to accordingly stimulate the user's neurological pathways to lessen the severity of a user's symptoms. The device can also be adapted to integrate with 3rd party devices.

Described are a system, method, and computer program product for detecting neurodegeneration using differential tractography and treating neurological disorders accordingly. The method includes obtaining a first diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the brain of the patient and obtaining a plurality of diffusion MRI scans of a group of other brains. The method also includes generating a control diffusion MRI scan based on the plurality of diffusion MRI scans of the group of other brains. The method further includes determining a first anisotropy of first neural tracks of the first diffusion MRI scan and a second anisotropy of second neural tracks of the control diffusion MRI scan. The method further includes determining a differential by comparing the first anisotropy to the second anisotropy and identifying at least one neurological disorder based on the differential and a location of the first neural tracks in the brain of the patient.

Example systems, methods, and apparatus, including cognitive platforms, are provided for applying signal detection metrics in computer-implemented adaptive response-deadline procedures to data collected based at least in part on user interaction(s) with computerized tasks and/or interferences. The apparatus can include a response classifier for generating a quantifier of the cognitive abilities of an individual. The apparatus also can be configured to adapt the tasks and/or interferences to enhance the individual's cognitive abilities.