A system for producing specific field distributions in a defined volume or region comprises: an array of electromagnetic field generating elements each with an integrated sensor for measuring the phase and amplitude of the current flowing in a metallic element or the field in a slot based element; a measurement device to enable measurement of both phase and amplitude of the electrical signals from the sensors with sufficient dynamic range for quantification of the signal; a multi channel radio frequency power source with individually controllable amplitude and phase to excite each of the electromagnetic field generating elements, and a feedback controller enabling controlled adjustment of the amplitude and phase of the radio frequency power source based on the signals from the sensors. The superposition of the fields produced by each electromagnetic field generating element produces a desired electromagnetic field distribution in the defined volume or region.

A system is provided. The system includes an electrosurgical generator configured to measure, collect and record data pertaining to a characteristic of tissue as the tissue is being electrosurgically treated. A tuner configured to couple to the electrosurgical generator includes a tuning circuit providing a load having a variable complex impedance for the electrosurgical generator when the electrosurgical generator is connected thereto. A controller including stored data pertaining to impedance values is in operable communication with the electrosurgical generator for retrieving the recorded data pertaining to the characteristic of tissue. The controller is in operable communication with the tuner for varying a complex impedance of the load. The controller configured to compare the recorded data pertaining to the at least one characteristic of tissue with the stored data pertaining to the plurality of impedance values and to adjust the tuner to one of the plurality of impedance values.

A power device is configured couple to an electrosurgical generator (410). The power device includes at least one connector (420, 422, 423, 510, 511), a rectifier (113), an energy storage device (115), and a bipolar energy controller (101). The at least one connector (420, 422, 423, 510, 511) is configured to couple to the electrosurgical generator (410) and receive electrosurgical energy. The rectifier (113) is configured to rectify at least a portion of the electrosurgical energy and provide rectified energy. The energy storage device (115) is configured to store at least a portion of the rectified energy. The bipolar energy controller (101) is configured to be powered by the energy storage device (115) and to control providing of an output bipolar energy.

An electrosurgical system is provided and includes a bipolar electrosurgical instrument and an electrosurgical generator. The bipolar electrosurgical instrument is arranged to seal and cut tissue captured between jaws of the instrument. The jaws include particularly positioned, shaped and/or oriented electrodes to perform the sealing of tissue. The electrosurgical generator is arranged to supply RF energy through the instrument, monitor the supplied RF energy and adjust or terminate the supplied RF energy to optimally seal the tissue.

A medical apparatus includes a probe, which includes an insertion tube configured for insertion into a body cavity of a patient, and a distal assembly, which is connected distally to the insertion tube and includes a plurality of electrodes, which are configured to contact tissue within the body cavity. An electrical signal generator is configured to apply radio frequency (RF) signals simultaneously to the plurality of electrodes with energy sufficient to ablate the tissue contacted by the electrodes. A controller is coupled to measure time-varying voltage differences between the electrodes and to adjust the RF signals applied to the electrodes responsively to the measured time-varying voltage differences.

Described herein is a system including a catheter, an optical circuit, a pulsed field ablation energy source, and a processing device. The catheter includes a proximal section, a distal section, and a shaft coupled between the proximal section and the distal section. The optical circuit is configured to transport light at least partially from the proximal section to the distal section and back. The pulsed field ablation energy source is coupled to the catheter and configured to transmit pulsed electrical signals to a tissue sample. The processing device is configured to analyze one or more optical signals received from the optical circuit to determine changes in polarization or phase retardation of light reflected or scattered by the tissue sample, and determine changes in a birefringence of the tissue sample based on the changes in polarization or phase retardation.

A lesion characterization process is disclosed. According to one aspect, a method includes obtaining measurements of at least one of an impedance magnitude, impedance phase, a temperature, and electrical properties of tissue of the lesion. The method further includes determining at least one lesion property including at least one of a depth of the lesion, percent transmurality of the lesion, lesion surface area and lesion volume based on at least one of the obtained measurements.

A laser treatment apparatus that is configured to irradiate a laser beam to an affected area to treat the affected area. The laser treatment apparatus includes: a beam source device that is configured to output a laser beam; and a scanning device that is configured to scan a therapeutic range including the affected area with the laser beam by irradiating the laser beam to the therapeutic range. The scanning device has a transmission medium that is configured to change an output direction of a laser beam according to an applied voltage.

Methods and surgical devices for performing an anastomosis of a living tissue. More particularly the methods and devices relate to anastomosis of tissue performed through tissue fusion performed by delivering energy to the tissue.

A catheter and catheter system can use energy tailored for remodeling and/or removal of target material along a body lumen, often of atherosclerotic material of a blood vessel of a patient. An elongate flexible catheter body with a radially expandable structure may have a plurality of electrodes or other electrosurgical energy delivery surfaces to radially engage atherosclerotic material when the structure expands. An atherosclerotic material detector system may measure and/or characterize the atherosclerotic material and its location, optionally using impedance monitoring.