The subject of this disclosure is devices, systems, and uses thereof to treat a plurality of patients for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. The solution can include delivering a multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter and a multi-electrode diagnostic catheter to one or more targeted pulmonary veins; ablating tissue of the one or more targeted pulmonary veins using the multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter; diagnosing the one or more targeted pulmonary veins using the multi-electrode diagnostic catheter; and achieving at least one of a predetermined clinical effectiveness and acute effectiveness of the method or use based on use of the multi-electrode radiofrequency balloon catheter and the multi-electrode diagnostic catheter in the isolation of the one or more targeted pulmonary veins.

Disclosed herein is a medical RF apparatus using an RF pulse, comprising an RF generator, which generates a test pulse for detecting characteristics of tissue; a monitoring unit, which monitors the change in the information on the tissue state while the test pulse is transmitted to the tissue; and a measurement unit, which determines the tissue characteristics of a patient by comparing the values monitored in the monitoring unit with the reference data; and a method for controlling the same.

In certain examples, aspects are directed to an ablation tool or other procedure-specific tool to treat or assess biological tissue (e.g., ablate cardiac tissue) having a first tissue side and a second, opposite tissue side at which a magnetic-draw element is to be located. In a specific example, a first magnetic element is associated with or coupled to a catheter tool having an expandable portion to transition from a first state towards a second state for providing an expanded girth, so that the expandable portion surrounds the first magnetic element and moves the procedure-specific tool, in part by the first magnetic element moving via magnetic attraction. While the first magnetic element and the magnetic-draw element align on either side of the biological tissue, the procedure-specific tool may be used for the procedure.

Apparatus, systems, and methods of controlling energy delivered to electrodes used in electrically and/or thermally induced neuromodulation are provided to improve neuromodulation. In particular, a catheter treatment device having a control algorithm that regulates current or current density delivered to an electrode is provided. The electrode may maintain a known and consistent electrode contact surface area with the vessel. The control algorithm controls energy delivery to provide consistent current or current density to the treatment site, even though the tissue impedance Z may vary from patient to patient and vessel to vessel, and despite changes in impedance of the treatment, site during the course of the treatment. The controlled delivery of energy can be used to control and maintain placement of the zone of thermal treatment and reduce undesirable energy delivery to unwanted locations near the treatment site.

A medical RF apparatus using an RF pulse and a method of controlling the medical RF apparatus are provided. The medical RF apparatus includes an RF generator, which generates a test pulse for detecting characteristics of tissue, a monitoring unit, which monitors the change in the information on the tissue state while the test pulse is transmitted to the tissue, and a measurement unit, which determines the tissue characteristics of a patient by comparing the values monitored in the monitoring unit with the reference data.

Ablation systems and methods detect and address distortion caused by a variety of factors. A method includes measuring a temperature curve at target tissue; applying ablation energy to the target tissue; determining a peak temperature on the temperature curve; if the peak temperature is greater than the predetermined peak temperature, determining a time at which the temperature curve crosses to a lower temperature; and if the determined time is greater than a predetermined time, generating a message indicating that the target tissue was successfully ablated. Another method includes determining a distance between a remote temperature probe and an ablation probe, applying ablation energy to target tissue, measuring temperature at the remote temperature probe, estimating ablation size based on the determined distance and the temperature measured by the remote temperature probe, and determining whether the target tissue is successfully ablated based on the estimated ablation size.

Methods and systems for monitoring and modifying pulsed field ablation (PFA) energy delivery to prevent patient safety risks and/or delivery device failure. In particular, some embodiments provide methods and systems for detecting and preventing arcs and arc-induced plasma, and their causal events, during delivery of pulsed field ablation energy, as well as methods and systems for identifying conditions leading to potential delivery device failure and correcting charge imbalance or asymmetry.

A device, system, and method for delivering energy to tissue. In particular, the present invention relates to a system and method for enhancing lesion formation without arrhythmogenic effects within relatively thick target tissues, such as the ventricles of the heart. In one embodiment, charge-neutral pulses and non-charge-neutral pulses may be delivered to induce the formation of electrolytic compounds that enhance cell death at the treatment site. Additionally or alternatively, tissue at the treatment site may be heated to sub-lethal temperature before ablating the tissue.

A surgical instrument comprising a rotatable and translatable firing member is disclosed.

A power delivery approach for delivering power to an electrosurgical vessel sealer when the jaws of the sealer surround tissue to be desiccated. Power delivery commences at a starting point that is at least 40 Joules and then decreases over a first predetermined period of time to a predetermined minimum power level to provide approximately 15 Joules in total. When the predetermined minimum power level is reached, power is then continuously increased over a second predetermined period of time to fully desiccate the tissue. Power delivery is terminated prior to over-desiccation of the tissue.